The book explores the artistic dialogue between Pablo Picasso and Diego Rivera that spanned most of their careers. The book showcases nearly 150 iconic paintings, sculptures, and prints by both artists, along with objects from their native ancient Mediterranean and Pre-Columbian worlds. It gives an overview of their early training in national academies; important archaeological discoveries that occurred during their formative years; and their friendly and adversarial relationship in Montparnasse. A series of essays accompanies the exquisitely reproduced works, allowing readers to understand how the work of each artist was informed by artworks from the past. Picasso drew upon Classical art to shape the foundations of 20th-century art, creating images that were at once deeply personal and universal. Meanwhile, Rivera traded the abstractions of European modernism for figuration and references to Mexico's Pre-Columbian civilization, focusing on public murals that emphasized his love of Mexico and his hopes for its future. Offering valuable insight into the trajectory of each artist, this book draws connections between two powerful figures who transformed modern art.