Machine generated contents note: Introduction Joy Kreeft Peyton and Peg Griffin 1

PART I: LANGUAGE AND THE FABRIC OF SOCIETY 1. Endangered Dialects and Social Commitment Walt Wolfram 19 2. Sociolinguistics in Deaf Communities: Where Have We Been and Where Are We Going? Ceil Lucas 40 3. Language Politics and the Sociolinguistic Historiography of Spanish in the United States Reynaldo F. Macias 52 4. Language Planning for Education: A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Torres Strait Region of Northeast Australia Anna Shnukal 84 5. Sociolinguistic Prerequisites for a German-Hungarian Bilingual-Bicultural Education Program Wolfgang Wo6ck and Peter H. Nelde 94

PART II: LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL BELIEF SYSTEMS 6. A Renewed Proposal for the Study of Folk Linguistics Dennis R. Preston 113 7. Literacy and Religion: Reading, Writing, and Gender Among Mexican Women in Chicago Marcia Farr 139 8. Embodying Colonial Memories: Spirit Possession, Power, and the Hauka in West Africa Paul Stoller 155 9. The Greening of Language Studies: May Nouns and Verbs Interbe John Robert Ross 177

PART III: FEATURES OF LANGUAGE IN COMMUNICATION 10. Indirectness at Work Deborah Tannen 189 11. Standard Language and Linguistic Conventions Kenneth S. Goodman 213 12. Reflections of Language Heritage: Choice and Chance in Vernacular English Dialects Donna Christian 230 13. When You Means I: Manual and Nonmanual Gestures and Shifting Participation Frameworks Evelyn McClave 247 14. Just in English Bruce Fraser 260 15. On Anaphora and Methodology Ralph Fasold 269

PART IV: PLACES OF LANGUAGE USE IN SOCIETY 16. "Captain, I Was Trying Earlier to Tell You That You Made a Mistake": Deference and Demeanor at 30,000 Feet Richard M. Frankel 289 17. Warning Labels and Industry Safety Information Standards: The Case of Loctite RC/609 Bethany K. Dumas 302 18. The Battle of Trenton: Pragmatic Strategies in Political Argument Nora C. Leibold 318 19. Language and Law: A Data Approach to Sketching the Field Weiping Wu 341 20. "What is About to Take Place is a Murder": Constructing the Racist Subtext in a Small-Town Virginia Courtroom Ronald Butters 362

PART V: LANGUAGE IN EDUCATION 21. Demythologizing the Home-School Language Dichotomy: Sociolinguistic Reality and Instructional Practice Carolyn Temple Adger and Walt Wolfram 391 22. "I Hate 'Postrophe s": Issues of Dialect and Reading Proficiency Yetta Goodman and Debra Goodman 408 23. Tense Marking as a Distinguishing Factor in the Writing of Caribbean Students in Secondary School Belle Tyndall 436 24. Transition in School: Activity Between Activities Based on a dissertation by Stephen R. Cahir 453 25. Collaboration in School: "I (Don't) Know" Answers and Questions Peg Griffin 472 26. Dialogue Journal Writing in Various Contexts: Some Issues to Consider Joy Kreeft Peyton 492 27. A Holistic View of Foreign Language Planning Kari Sajavaara 502 28. Old Tools, New Uses: A VARBRUL Analysis of Class Placement Barbara M. Horvath 515

PART VI: LANGUAGE OF THE YOUNG AND OLD 29. Mother-Child Interactions Over Time: Functions of Clarification Questions Rosa Graciela Montes 527 30. Conversational Prenarratives: The Emergence of Talk About Past Events Debra Jervay-Pendergrass 550 31. Dealing With Declining Health in Old Age: Identity Construction in the Oppen Family Letter Exchange Heidi Hamilton 577.