Two major religions originated in Galilee: rabbinic Judaism and Christianity. Both of these religions stem from and lay claim to ancient Israelite traditions that were cultivated in Galilee as well as in Judea and Samaria. According to the Christian Gospels, Jesus, whose hometown was Nazareth, carried out his ministry primarily in Galilee.

Following the Roman suppression of two widespread revolts in Judea, rabbinic traditions indicate that the rabbis and other Judeans relocated to Galilee where they established academies and compiled first the Mishnah and later the Jerusalem Talmud. The rise of Islam, of course, produced yet another religion whose faithful value this territory.

1. Richard Horsley takes all of these developments into account in this commanding study of the basic political and economic relations that prevailed in Roman Palestine, with particular reference to Galilee and with particular sensitivity to the implications for the resident's lives. The outcome of his meticulous research, analysis, and reconstruction provides a more complete and precise sense of the historical Jesus and the Christian Gospel traditions.