An edition of Comprehensive Articulatory Phonetics
(2011)
Comprehensive Articulatory Phonetics
A Tool For Mastering the World’s Languages
Second Edition
by T. L. Cleghorn and N. M. Rugg
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Comprehensive Articulatory Phonetics teaches how to recognize, record, and reproduce the sounds of any language.
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Comprehensive Articulatory Phonetics: A Tool For Mastering the World’s Languages
2011, Independent Publisher
Paperback
in English
- Second Edition
145078190X 9781450781909
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Book Details
Table of Contents
Preface. xv
Acknowledgments. xvi
Lesson 1: Introduction to Sounds. 1
The Speech Apparatus. 2
Cavities. 3
Points of Articulation. 3
Articulators. 8
Manners of Articulation. 12
Stops. 12
Fricatives. 13
Nasals. 14
Laterals. 16
Lesson 2: Fricatives and Voicing. 19
Voicing. 20
Understanding Voicing. 20
Recognizing Voicing. 21
Classifying Voicing. 22
Introducing Fricatives. 23
Labiodental Fricatives: F [f] and V [v]. 24
Tip Alveolar Fricatives: S [s] and Z [z]. 24
Tip Dental Fricatives: Theta [θ] and Eth [ð]. 24
Tip-Alveopalatal Fricatives: Esh [ʃ] and Ezh [ʒ]. 25
Bilabial Fricatives: Phi [ɸ] and Beta [β]. 27
Back-Velar Fricatives: X [x] and Gamma [ɣ]. 30
Lesson 3: Pitch Variations. 39
Uses of Pitch. 40
Intonation. 41
Tone. 42
Levels of Pitch. 43
Representing Pitch Levels. 43
Distinguishing Pitch Levels. 43
Types of Pitch. 45
Level Pitch. 45
Glided Pitch. 45
Lesson 4: Stops and Voice Onset Time. 49
Stops. 50
Voice Onset Time. 51
Understanding Voice Onset Time. 51
Controlling Voice Onset Time. 52
Lesson 5: Facial Diagrams. 57
The Five Variables of Facial Diagrams. 58
Lips. 58
Tongue. 59
Velic. 59
Glottis. 59
Air Stream. 60
Drawing Facial Diagrams. 60
Stops. 60
Fricatives. 60
Nasals. 61
Incorrectly Drawn Diagrams. 62
Lesson 6: Progressive Pitch Control. 65
Types of Tonal Systems. 66
Registered Tone Systems. 66
Contoured Tone Systems. 66
Advanced Pitch. 67
Multiple Pitch Levels. 67
Multiple Levels in Glides. 69
Using Frames to Analyze Multiple Pitch Levels. 71
Complex Contours. 72
Methods of Pitch Notation. 74
Continuous Lines. 76
Tone Numbers. 76
Tone Diacritics. 76
Tone Letter. 77
Identifying Tonal Languages. 77
Lesson 7: Aspiration and Glottal Stops. 79
Aspiration. 80
Recognizing (Un)Aspirated Stops. 82
Producing Aspirated and (Un)Aspirated Stops. 84
Glottal Stops [ʔ]. 87
Recognizing Glottal Stops. 88
Producing Glottal Stops. 90
Eliminating Glottal Stops. 91
Lesson 8: Advanced Intonation. 93
Producing Advanced Intonation Patterns. 94
Controlling Intonation Across Sentences. 98
Lesson 9: Affricates. 107
Identifying Affricates. 108
Types of Affricates. 108
Symbols for Affricates. 109
Aspirated Affricates. 112
Practicing Affricates. 113
Lesson 10: Introduction to Vowels. 117
The Articulation of Vowels. 118
Position. 118
Height. 119
Rounding. 120
Defining Vowels. 121
The Function of Vowels. 121
The Basic Vowel Symbols. 122
Symbolizing Open Vowels. 123
Lesson 11: Characteristics of Syllables. 125
Syllabics. 127
Syllable Boundaries. 129
Stress. 129
Degrees of Stress. 130
Phrase Stress. 133
Juncture. 134
Rhythm. 134
Lesson 12: Vowel Glides. 137
Off-Glides. 139
[i] Off-Glide. 139
[u] Off-Glide. 140
[ə] Off-glide. 141
[ɚ] Off-Glide. 142
On-Glides. 144
[i] On-Glide. 145
[u] On-Glide. 145
[ɚ] On-Glide. 146
Pure Vowels. 147
Producing Pure Vowels. 148
Approximants. 150
Methods of Representation. 151
Lesson 13: Fronting, Retroflexion, and Sibilants. 153
Fronted Consonants. 154
Understanding Fronting. 154
Producing Fronted Sounds. 155
Retroflexed Consonants. 156
Understanding Retroflexion. 156
Producing Retroflexed Sounds. 158
Sibilants. 159
Understanding Sibilants. 160
Producing Sibilants. 160
Lesson 14: Back Vowels. 163
Introduction to [u], [ʊ], [ɔ], and [ʌ]. 164
Recognizing [u] and [ʊ]. 166
Recognizing [ɔ] and [ʌ]. 168
Producing [u], [ʊ], [ɔ], and [ʌ] with Glides. 170
Describing Back Vowels. 171
Lesson 15: Nasals. 175
Introduction to Common Nasals. 176
Producing Initial Eng [ŋ]. 177
Producing [ñ]. 178
Fronted and Retroflexed Nasals. 179
Producing Fronted N [n̠]. 179
Producing Right-Tail N [ɳ]. 180
Producing [ɱ]. 182
Voiceless Nasals. 183
Lesson 16: Front Vowels. 187
Producing [i]. 189
Producing [ɪ]. 190
Producing [e]. 191
Producing [æ]. 192
Review of Vowels and Glides. 194
Lesson 17: Laterals. 199
Lateral Approximants. 200
Alveolar Laterals. 200
Producing [l̪] and [ɭ]. 203
The Alveoopalatal Lateral [l]. 203
Velar Lateral [ʟ]. 204
Voiceless Laterals. 205
Lateral Fricatives. 206
Producing [ɬ] and [ɮ]. 207
Lateral Affricates. 208
Lesson 18: Open Vowels and Length. 213
Open Vowels. 214
Producing [a]. 215
Producing [ɒ]. 216
Length. 219
Lesson 19: Flaps and Trills. 223
Flaps. 225
Producing [ɾ] and [ɽ]. 226
Voiceless Flaps. 228
Producing Nasal and Lateral Alveolar Flaps. 229
Labiodental Flaps [ⱱ]. 230
Trills. 230
Alveolar Trills [r]. 230
Bilabial Trills [ʙ]. 232
Uvular Trills [ʀ]. 232
Lesson 20: Central Vowels and Approximants. 237
Central Vowels. 238
Producing [ə]. 239
Producing [ɨ]. 241
Central Approximants. 244
English Approximants. 244
Non-English Approximant. 246
Voiceless Approximants. 247
Lesson 21: Alveopalatal Stops. 251
Producing Alveopalatal Stops. 253
Recognizing Alveopalatal Stops. 254
Lesson 22: Vowel and Glide Clusters. 259
Vowel Clusters. 260
Representing Vowel Clusters. 260
Recognizing Vowel Clusters. 261
Producing Vowel Clusters. 263
Glide Clusters. 264
Lesson 23: Palatal and Uvular Consonants. 267
Palatal and Uvular Consonants. 268
Producing Palatal and Uvular Consonants. 269
Recognizing Palatal and Uvular Consonants. 271
Palatal and Uvular Affricates. 273
Palatal, Velar, and Uvular Nasals and Laterals. 273
Lesson 24: Nasalized Vowels. 277
Nasalization. 278
Understanding Nasalization. 278
Degrees of Nasalization. 279
Nasalized Vowels. 279
Producing Nasalization. 280
Recognizing Nasalized Vowels. 282
Lesson 25: Double Articulations and Prenasalization. 285
Double Articulations. 286
Producing Double Articulation. 287
Recognizing Double Articulations. 288
Double Articulations with Modified Release. 290
Prenasalization. 292
Lesson 26: Front Rounded and Back Unrounded Vowels. 295
Front Rounded Vowels. 296
Producing [y]. 297
Producing [ø]. 297
Producing [oe]. 298
Recognizing Front Rounded Vowels. 299
Back Unrounded Vowels. 301
Producing [ɯ]. 301
Producing [ɤ]. 302
Recognizing Back Unrounded Vowels. 303
Lesson 27: Transition and Release. 307
The Release of Consonants. 308
Released Consonants. 308
Unreleased Consonants. 309
Transition. 311
Close Transition. 311
Open transition. 312
Lesson 28: States of the Glottis. 315
States of the Glottis. 316
Voiceless. 317
Breathy. 318
Voiced. 319
Creaky. 320
Stiff and Slack Voice. 322
Whisper. 322
Glottal Closure. 323
States of the Glottis as Speech Styles. 323
Lesson 29: Implosives. 325
Producing Implosives. 327
Recognizing Implosives. 328
Lesson 30: Breathy Consonants and Consonant Clusters. 333
Breathy Consonants. 334
Producing Breathy Consonants. 335
Recognizing Breathy Consonants. 336
Consonant Clusters. 338
Recognizing Consonant Clusters. 338
Producing Consonant Clusters. 339
Lesson 31: Ejectives. 341
Producing Ejectives. 343
Recognizing Ejectives. 344
Lesson 32: Tongue Root Placement. 347
Advanced Tongue Root. 349
Producing Sounds with Advanced Tongue Root. 349
Recognizing Sounds with Advanced Tongue Root. 349
Neutral Tongue Root. 350
Retracted Tongue Root. 350
Producing Sounds with Retracted Tongue Root. 351
Recognizing Sounds with Retracted Tongue Root. 351
Lesson 33: Secondary Articulations. 353
Labialization. 355
Producing Labialization. 356
Recognizing Labialization. 357
Palatalization. 358
Producing Palatalization. 359
Recognizing Palatalization. 359
Velarization. 360
Producing Velarization. 361
Recognizing Velarization. 362
Labial-Palatalization. 363
Producing Labial-Palatalization. 363
Recognizing Labial-Palatalization. 364
Labial-Velarization. 365
Producing Labial-Velarization. 365
Recognizing Labial-Velarization. 366
Pharyngealization. 366
Producing Pharyngealization. 367
Recognizing Pharyngealization. 368
Lesson 34: Fortis and Lenis Articulation. 371
Fortis and Lenis Articulation. 372
Symbolizing Fortis and Lenis. 372
Producing Fortis and Lenis Consonants. 373
Recognizing Fortis and Lenis Consonants. 374
Lesson 35: Clicks. 377
Producing Clicks. 380
Recognizing Clicks. 381
Lesson 36: Speech Styles. 385
Position of the Tongue. 386
Position of the Lips. 387
Position of the Jaw. 388
State of the Glottis. 388
Position of the Velic. 389
Speed. 389
Pitch Variation. 390
Volume. 390
Appendix. 393
Glossary. 393
Index of Tables and Illustrations. 406
Index of Exercises. 413
General Index. 427
The International Phonetic Alphabet (2005). 435
The International Phonetic Alphabet Expanded. 436
Edition Notes
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- Created June 23, 2011
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| August 22, 2020 | Edited by ISBNbot2 | normalize ISBN |
| July 2, 2011 | Edited by Nathan Rugg | Edited without comment. |
| June 23, 2011 | Edited by Nathan Rugg | Fixed ToC, again |
| June 23, 2011 | Edited by Nathan Rugg | Fixed ToC |
| June 23, 2011 | Created by Nathan Rugg | Added new book. |