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The molecularization of the world picture, or the rise of the Universum Arausiacum
2009, Groningen University Press
Paperback (and hardcover)
in English
9081442813 9789081442817
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Book Details
Published in
Groningen, Netherlands
Table of Contents
Volume I
Preface.
v
Introduction.
xvii-xxxviii
1.
Atomism; Antiquity, Middle-Ages, Renaissance
Page 1
1.1.
Introduction
Page 1
1.2.
Leucippus and Democritus; Archimedes
Page 2
1.3.
Epicurus (341-270 B.C.)
Page 8
1.4.
Epicurus' heirs: Philodemus, Lucretius, and Diogenes
Page 13
1.5.
Patristics and High Scholasticism
Page 23
1.6.
Girolamo Fracastoro: 'contagia' as disease vectors
Page 26
1.7.
Atomism in the tradition
Page 29
2.
The first molecular theory: Isaac Beeckman (1620)
Page 33
2.1.
Isaac Beeckman (1588-1637)
Page 33
2.2.
'Homogenea physica' as molecules
Page 40
2.3.
Mathematics and physics in a 'discrete' world; the law of free fall
Page 51
2.4.
Physical homogenea as 'substantial individuals'
Page 57
3.
The rise of molecularism (XVIIth-XVIIth century)
Page 61
3.1.
Substantial individuals in the XVIIth century
Page 61
3.2.
Physics: Newton, Van Musschenbroek, Laplace
Page 66
3.3.
Chemistry: Stahl and Lavoisier
Page 79
3.4.
Biology: Van Leeuwenhoek, Buffon, Dutrochet
Page 89
3.5.
Close; crystallography
Page 102
4.
Physics in the XIXth century
Page 109
4.1.
The gaseous state; thermometry, pyrometry, and calorimetry
Page 109
4.2.
Gay-Lussac and Dalton; new laws
Page 115
4.3.
The theory of heat, from Carnot to Clausius
Page 125
4.4.
The kinetic theory of gases; Clausius and Buys Ballot
Page 131
4.5.
The equation of state according to Van der Waals
Page 138
4.6.
Statistical mechanics and quantum physics; Maxwell, Boltzmann, and Planck
Page 153
4.7.
Molecules quantitatively: Loschmidt, Rutherford, and Boltwood; N-Loschmidt
Page 168
4.8.
Jean Perrin: grains as molecules, N-Avogadro
Page 173
4.9.
Physics and philosophy; molecularism and positivism
Page 178
4.10.
Molecular physics 1800-1900; Maxwell, Lorentz, Einstein; Gibbs
Page 188
5.
Chemistry in the XIXth century
Page 199
5.1.
Solutions, mixtures, and compounds; combining laws
Page 199
5.2.
Dalton and Gay-Lussac; weight versus volume laws. Avogadro
Page 204
5.3.
Molecular electrochemical dualism; Berzelius
Page 210
5.4.
Relative atomic weights and/or equivalents; lacking coherence
Page 220
5.5.
From 'radicals' to 'types'; (equi)valence; Gerhardt, Kekulé
Page 225
5.6.
Physical stoichiometry; structure and additivity. Kopp
Page 243
5.7.
Chemistry as stereochemistry: Kekulé, Le Bel, Van 't Hoff, Werner
Page 252
5.8.
Tautomerism or desmotropy; Laar and Baeyer
Page 265
5.9.
Molecular chemistry 1800-1900; Karlsruhe 1860
Page 277
6.
Biology and medicine in the XIXth century
Page 297
6.1.
The living organism and its parts; the emancipation of biology
Page 297
6.2.
Organic molecules and cells; Dutrochet, Schleiden, Schwann
Page 307
6.3.
From physiology to pathology; Virchow
Page 316
6.4.
The organism: uni- or pluricellular
Page 326
6.4.1.
The classification of living beings
Page 326
6.4.2.
Pasteur, Koch, Beijerinck; microbes, bacteria, viruses
Page 330
6.5.
Growth, reproduction, and heredity; from Mohl to Morgan
Page 345
6.6.
Molecular reign: Brown-Séquard, Eijkman, Ehrlich
Page 364
6.7.
The nature of life, 1800-1915; biological 'stoichiometry'
Page 376
7.
Crystallography and mineralogy in the XIXth century
Page 391
7.1.
The concept of 'individual' in natural history; mathematizations
Page 391
7.2.
Mitscherlich: isomorphism and polymorphism
Page 398
7.3.
The concept of 'symmetry'; Haüy and Weiss
Page 407
7.4.
Group theory and symmetry; from Jordan to Schoenflies
Page 441
7.5.
The status of 'points'; molecules and/or atoms
Page 445
7.6.
Röntgen's radiation and the breakthrough of lattice theory; Laue et al., Bragg and Bragg
Page 456
7.7.
Molecular lattices: the rule becomes the exception
Page 469
Volume II
Contents i-x
8.
The rise of the Système international; molecules (atoms) as gauges
Page 481
8.1.
Particles: number, dimensions, weight
Page 481
8.2.
Units: from Stevin and Snellius to Delambre and Méchain
Page 488
8.3.
The 'Convention du mètre' (1875-1900) and the 'Conférences générales [..]'
Page 497
8.4.
From CGS (1873) to SI (1960); Landolt-Börnstein and the Handbook [..]
Page 513
8.5.
From 'grammolecule' to 'mole'; Ostwald, Avogadro, and Loschmidt
Page 520
8.6.
N-Avogadro and the kilogram as unit mass; Silicon and its metrological potentials
Page 527
8.7.
Units, past and present; atomic and molecular measures
Page 536
9.
The molecular sciences in the XXth century
Page 541
9.1.
The XXth century; a first impression
Page 541
9.2.
Physics and chemistry; 1896-1925
Page 548
9.2.1.
The atom; Thomson, Curie-Sklodowska, Rutherford
Page 549
9.2.2.
Atoms and molecules; Bohr, Lewis
Page 569
9.2.3.
'Molekularstrahlen'; palpable statistics; Stern
Page 583
9.3.
Molecular physics since 1925
Page 587
9.4.
Molecular chemistry since 1925
Page 612
9.5.
Biology and medicine; 1915-1940
Page 646
9.6.
The life sciences since 1940
Page 670
9.7.
Close; crystallography as a bridge
Page 699
10.
Epilogue. The molecularization in a bird's eye view
Page 709
10.1.
Other markers, other perspectives
Page 709
10.2.
Historiography: variations upon a theme
Page 724
10.3.
The 'Universum Arausiacum'
Page 738
Bibliography
Page 739
Primary sources.
Page 739
Secondary sources.
Page 772
Acknowledgments
Page 799
Experiments, general.
Page 799
Illustrations.
Page 801
Peter Debije and the Netherlands.
Page 802
Index of names
Page 805
Index of subjects
Page 843
Honorary Committee of European and American Scholars
Page 961-962
Classifications
The Physical Object
ID Numbers
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Feedback?September 23, 2020 | Edited by MARC Bot | import existing book |
December 1, 2015 | Edited by Henk Kubbinga | Edited without comment. |
December 1, 2015 | Edited by Henk Kubbinga | Added new cover |
December 1, 2015 | Edited by Henk Kubbinga | Added new cover |
December 1, 2015 | Edited by Henk Kubbinga | Edited without comment. |