Phenomenology is the study of appearance as such. It is a branch of both Ontology and Epistemology, since appearing is being known.
By an ‘appearance’ is meant any existent which impinges on consciousness, anything cognized, irrespective of any judgment as to whether it be ‘real’ or ‘illusory.’ The evaluation of a particular appearance as a reality or an illusion is a complex process, involving inductive and deductive logical principles and activities. Opinion has to earn the status of strict knowledge.
Knowledge develops from appearances, which may be: (a) objects of perception, i.e. concrete phenomena in the physical or mental domains; (b) objects of intuition, i.e. one’s subjective self, cognitions, volitions and valuations (non-phenomenal concretes); and/or (c) objects of conception, i.e. simple or complex abstracts of preceding appearances. Abstraction relies on apprehensions of sameness and difference between appearances (including received or projected appearances, and projected negations of appearances). Coherence in knowledge (perceptual, intuitive and conceptual) is maintained by apprehensions of compatibility or incompatibility.
Words facilitate our construction of conceptual knowledge, thanks to their intentionality. The abstract concepts most words intend are common characters or behaviors of particulars (concrete material, mental or subjective experiences). Granting everything in the world is reducible to waves, ‘universals’ would be equalities or proportionalities in the measures of the features, motions and interrelations of particular waves. Such a theory of universals would elucidate sensation and memory.
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Phenomenology is the study of appearance as such. It is a branch of both Ontology and Epistemology, since appearing is being known. By an ‘appearance’ is meant any existent which impinges on consciousness, anything cognized, irrespective of any judgment as to whether it be ‘real’ or ‘illusory.’ The evaluation of a particular appearance as a reality or an illusion is a complex process, involving inductive and deductive logical principles and activities. Opinion has to earn the status of strict knowledge.
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Phenomenology, Logic, Epistemology, OntologyShowing 1 featured edition. View all 1 editions?
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Phenomenology: Basing Knowledge on Appearance
2003, Author through Lulu.com
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in English
2970009153 9782970009153
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Book Details
Table of Contents
1. What, Why and How 9
1. Phenomenology 10
2. Knowledge is Based on Appearance 14
3. To Be Or Not To Be 19
4. The Phenomenological Approach 23
2. Organizing Principles 27
1. The Order of Things 28
2. Appearance and Other Large Concepts 32
3. Material, Mental, Intuitive, Abstract 38
4. Number, Space and Time 38
5. Modality and Causality 53
3. Experiences and Abstractions 67
1. The Objects of Perception 69
2. The Objects of Intuition 93
3. Correlations between Experiences 100
4. Conceptual Objects 103
5. Degrees of Interiority 112
4. Conceptualization 117
1. Sameness and Difference 119
2. Compatibility or Incompatibility 132
3. Words and Intentions 146
4. A Theory of Universals 153
5. Unity In Plurality 170
5. The Self 175
1. The Self 176
2. Factors of the “Self” 187
3. Identification-With 196
4. Ideal and Practical Concepts 202
5. Fallacious Criticisms of Selfhood 205
6. What “Emptiness” Might Be 217
6. Additional Topics 227
1. Present Appearances 228
2. The Concepts of Space and Time 246
3. Apprehension of the Four Dimensions 256
4. Contents of Thought Processes 272
5. Universals and Potentiality 274
6. Social vs. Personal Knowledge 280
7. The Active Role of Logic 281
1. Principles of Adduction 282
2. Generalization is Justifiable 293
3. Logical Attitudes 298
4. Syllogism Adds to Knowledge 301
5. There is a Formal Logic of Change 306
6. Concept Formation 312
7. Empty Classes 315
8. Context 319
9. Communication 323
8. Epistemological Issues in Mathematics 329
1. Mathematics and Logic 331
2. Geometrical Concepts have an Experiential Basis 334
3. Geometry is a Phenomenological Science 338
4. On “New Arithmetical Entities” 350
5. Imagining a Thoroughly Empirical Arithmetic 356
9. Theology Without Prejudice 363
1. Applying Logical Standards to Theology 364
2. Conceiving the Divine Attributes 369
3. Analyzing Omniscience and Omnipotence 377
4. Harmonizing Justice and Mercy 383
5. The Formlessness of God 390
Illustrations. 395
Fig. 1. Existence, appearance, and reality, 396
Fig. 2. Material, mental and spiritual domains, 397
Fig. 3. A classification of appearances, 398
Fig. 4. Three types of continuity, 399
Fig. 5. Contextual meaning, 400
Appendices and References, 401
App. 1. Using meditation, 403
App. 2. Feelings of Emptiness, 413
App. 3. Mental Projection 417
About this book, 419
References, 422
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October 12, 2010 | Edited by Avi Sion | Edited without comment. |
October 12, 2010 | Created by Avi Sion | Added new book. |