Patients with CAD were randomized into either aerobic training (AT) or combined aerobic and lower-body resistance training group (AT+RT). Participants completing AT walked 5 d·wk-1 while AT+RT subjects walked 3 d·wk-1 and resistance trained 2 d·wk -1. Muscular strength, peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak) and peak flow-mediated calf blood flow (BF) was measured before and after 12 weeks of training. Of 28 subjects (57.8 +/- 9.7 yrs; mean +/- SD), 14 completed AT+RT. V˙O2peak improved in all subjects, but the AT+RT group demonstrated a twofold increase compared to conventional training (AT+RT = 18.4%), (AT = 8.7%) (p < 0.001). Peak isokinetic leg extension strength (30°·sec-1) improved to the greatest extent for those in the combined protocol (AT+RT = 18.1% vs. AT = 11.0%; p < 0.001). BF improved in both groups over time. Results suggest a differential training effect according to the mode of training.