The volume has a unique perspective in that the chapters, the majority by world-class physicists and astrophysicists, contrast both mainstream conservative approaches and leading edge extended models of fundamental issues in physical theory and observation. For example in the first of the five parts: Astrophysics & Cosmology, papers review Bigbang Cosmology along with articles calling for exploration of alternatives to a Bigbang universe in lieu of recent theoretical and observational developments. This unique perspective continues through the remaining sections on extended EM theory, gravitation, quantum theory, and vacuum dynamics and space-time; making the book a primary source for graduate level and professional academics.