An edition of Coinage in south-eastern Europe, 820-1396
(1979)
Coinage in south-eastern Europe, 820-1396
2nd ed.
by D. M. Metcalf
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xxii, 371 p., 8 leaves of plates : ill., maps ; 26 cm.
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Coinage, Medieval Coins, NumismaticsPlaces
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Coinage in south-eastern Europe, 820-1396
1979, Royal Numismatic Society
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in English
- 2nd ed.
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Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition … v
Contents … ix
List of figures … xii
List of tables … xii
List of abbreviations … xiv
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I. NUMISMATIC EVIDENCE FOR MONETARY HISTORY … 1
1. What kind of information constitutes evidence? … 1
2. The extent of the monetary sector … 7
3. Historical analysis of the functions of money … 12
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II. GROWTH IN THE MONETARY ECONOMY, 820-969 … 18
1. The progressive enlargement of the monetary economy … 18
2. The restricted character of monetary circulation in the Black Sea hinterland … 22
3. Evidence from political and economic history for the character of monetary affairs in the early ninth century … 24
4. The coinage of Michael II, and of Theophilus before his reform … 28
5. The Theophilan reform: gold, silver, and copper coinage c. 831-886 … 29
6. Statistics from Corinth and Athens, and their interpretation … 36
7. Coinage in the Dobrogea and in the First Bulgarian Empire … 40
8. Greece and the Aegean coastlands, 886-969 … 45
9. The coinage of the Arab amirs of Crete … 48
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III. THE ASCENDANCY OF BYZANTIUM, 969-1025 … 50
1. What were the sources of monetary expansion under Basil II? … 50
2. Histamena, and the occurrence of tetartera … 53
3. Miliaresia: a dwindling stock of coinage-metal? … 54
4. The ‘Rex Regnantium’ folles, Classes A-1, A-2, and A-3. Provincial minting for the reformed coinage of Class A-2 … 55
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IV. MOVEMENTS TOWARDS POLITICAL AUTONOMY: THE YEARS 1025-1092 … 63
1. Rebellions and incursions, and their implications for monetary history … 63
2. Selective hoarding of gold coinage in the Balkans: debasement, and price stability … 67
3. Trends in the circulation of copper coinage in central Greece … 71
4. Hoards and site-finds from the Dobrogea and from the interior … 73
5. An emergency mint at Thessaloniki … 77
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V. TOWN AND ROUTE: THE TOPOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF MONETARY AFFAIRS … 79
1. Regional circulation, and the viability of a currency … 79
2. The framework: a sketch of the political and economic background … 83
3. The framework: a survey of circulation-areas in the Balkans … 88
4. Travellers’ hoards, and stray losses of ‘foreign’ coins … 98
5. Urban development … 102
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VI. THE COMNENIAN COINAGE AND ITS CONTINUATION, 1092-1261 … 104
1. From the reforms of Alexius I to the expropriations of 1171. Changes in the Byzantine coinage system … 104
2. Comparisons of the petty coinage in Greece and elsewhere; the decline of Corinth … 112
3. Byzantine coinage in the territory of the Second Bulgarian Empire, 1185-1204 … 114
4. Coinage as an economic indicator, 1171-126 … 119
5. Issues of the Latin Emperors of Constantinople … 125
6. The Bulgarian currency in the time of Boril and Ivan Asen II … 127
7. Nicaean gold in the Balkans … 130
8. The currency of Epirus, Thessaloniki, and the west Balkans, 1204-1261 … 132
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VII. MONETARY CIRCULATION IN THE MARCHLANDS OF THE NORTH-WEST … 139
1. Hungarian rule south of the Drava … 139
2. The towns of Syrmia … 141
3. Monetary interpretation of the Slavonian moneta banalis … 146
4. Topographical analysis of the coin-finds from Slavonia … 154
5. Monetary influences in Slovenia … 161
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VIII. THE ADRIATIC COAST AS A MEETING-PLACE IN MONETARY AFFAIRS … 173
1. The diversity of coinages found in the coastlands: a general interpretation … 173
2. Coin-finds from the period 820-1082 … 176
3. The northern Adriatic: coinage in Dalmatia, twelfth to fourteenth centuries … 179
4. The local coinage of Split … 185
5. A coinage for the revolt of Zadar, 1311-1313 … 189
6. Dubrovnik … 191
7. Kotor … 199
8. The Albanian coasts: Shkoder, Durres, and Vlone … 201
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IX. SILVER MINING AND THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERBIAN AND BOSNIAN COINAGES … 204
1. The influence of silver production: coinage, currency, money economy? … 204
2. Byzantine and Hungarian currency in the north-west Balkans before c. 1250 … 209
3. The coinage of Stefan Radoslav (1227-1234) … 211
4. The origins of the Serbian silver coinage at Brskovo and Rudnik … 212
5. The political background to the issue of coinage … 217
6. Diversification of the coin-types, and debasement. Mints and mint-marks … 219
7. Summary of the numismatic evidence for the monetization of the economy in Serbia (to 1345) … 225
8. Coinage of the Bans of Bosnia (to 1353) … 227
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X. THE CURRENCY OF FEUDAL GREECE … 234
1. Feudal economy, money economy … 234
2. The persistence of petty currency in central Greece … 237
3. Byzantine tetartera and imitative trachea in central Greece, 1204-c. 1250 … 239
4. The petty coinages of Corinth and of the duchy of Athens, c. 1250-1311 … 243
5. French, Frankish, and Catalan deniers tournois, c. 1250-c. 1400 … 247
6. Tournois, soldini, and torneselli: monetary circulation in central Greece and the Morea … 254
7. The import of English sterlings and of Venetian and Serbian coins into the Aegean area … 263
8. Crete and the Aegean islands under Venetian rule … 266
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XI. COINAGE IN THE RESTORED EMPIRE AND IN BULGARIA, 1261-c. 1350 … 268
1. The Palaeologan currency under pressure, 1261-1355 … 268
2. Problems of bimetallism in international trade … 277
3. The Black Sea trade: Byzantine gold coinage in Bulgaria and the Dobrogea … 280
4. The Bulgarian coinage, and its interpretation for monetary history, c. 1250-c. 1350 … 285
5. Coinage in the Byzantine Peloponnese, 1262-1348 … 291
6. Coinage of the Golden Horde in the Balkans … 292
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XII. THE BALKANS: CHANGING RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIES IN THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY … 294
1. Integration into the European orbit, 1204-c. 1350 … 294
2. Privileged expatriates and free ports … 296
3. The silver price-rise, c. 1340-1380: European economic recession … 297
4. The absence of gold and of high-value silver coins: monetary impoverishment? … 298
5. Political ambitions and international realignments, c. 1350-c. 1400 … 302
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XIII. THE NORTH BALKANS AND BYZANTIUM IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY … 304
1. The Empire of Stefan Dušan … 304
2. Bulgaria in the time of Ivan Aleksandŭr and Ivan Shishman, Ivan Sratsimir, and Ivan Dobrotits … 310
3. The Serbian Empire, 1355-1389 … 318
4. Bosnia under Tvrtko I, 1353-1391 … 324
5. The early coinage of the Voivodes of Wallachia: Vladislav I – Mircea the Elder (to c. 1394) … 326
6. The Genoese at Pera and at Kilia … 331
7. Constantinople, Thessaloniki, and the Morea under John V (1355-1391) … 333
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APPENDIX: Quantities of coinage issued in the Balkans in the nineteenth century … 336
GAZETTEER [provenience of hoards and site finds] … 337
KEY TO THE PLATES … 353
INDEXES … 361
PLATES (1-8) … 373
Edition Notes
Revised version of: Coinage in the Balkans, 820-1355. 1965.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
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