A technical guide for developing countries on how to apply international standards in the production of research and experimental development (R&D) statistics. The Frascati Manual, which was developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), is the global standard for collecting R&D statistics. However, the manual was specifically designed for industrialized countries. As a result, statisticians from diverse regions often face difficulties adapting this standard to produce cross-nationally comparable statistics that accurately reflect the specific contexts and policy issues of their countries. Technical Paper No.5 (also available in French and Spanish) examines the Frascati Manual from the perspective of developing countries. It provides detailed information on how to interpret Frascati concepts and methodologies. The publication also presents a series of recommendations concerning data collection issues that are not addressed in the Frascati framework. It will eventually serve as the basis for an annex to the manual.