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An edition of Signals and Systems (1983)

Signals & systems

2nd ed.

by Alan V. Oppenheim and Alan S. Willsky

★★★ 3.2 (4 ratings)
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★★★ 3.2 (4 ratings)
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An edition of Signals and Systems (1983)

Signals & systems

2nd ed.

by Alan V. Oppenheim and Alan S. Willsky

★★★ 3.2 (4 ratings)
232 Want to read
16 Currently reading
7 Have read

This book explains all topics about signals and systems in electronics.

Publish Date

1997

Publisher

Prentice Hall

Language

English

Pages

957

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Book Details

Table of Contents

Preface

Page xvii

Acknowledgments

Page xxv

Foreword

Page xxvii

1. Signals and Systems

1.0. Introduction

1.1. Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Signals

1.1.1. Examples and Mathematical Representation

1.1.2. Signal Energy and Power

1.2. Transformations of the Independent Variable

1.2.1. Examples of Transformations of the Independent Variable

1.2.2. Periodic Signals

1.2.3. Even and Odd Signals

1.3. Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals

1.3.1. Continuous-Time Complex Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals

1.3.2. Discrete-Time Complex Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals

1.3.3. Periodicity Properties of Discrete-Time Complex Exponentials

1.4. The Unit Impulse and Unit Step Functions

1.4.1. The Discrete-Time Unit Impulse and Unit Step Sequences

1.4.2. The Continuous-Time Unit Step and Unit Impulse Functions

1.5. Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Systems

1.5.1. Simple Examples of Systems

1.5.2. Interconnections of Systems

1.6. Basic System Properties

1.6.1. Systems with and Without Memory

1.6.2. Invertibility and Inverse Systems

1.6.3. Causality

1.6.4. Stability

1.6.5. Time Invariance

1.6.6. Linearity

2. Linear Time-Invariant Systems

2.0. Introduction

2.1. Discrete-Time LTI Systems: The Convolution Sum

2.1.1. The Representation of Discrete-Time Signals in Terms of Impulses

2.1.2. The Discrete-Time Unit Impulse Response and the Convolution-Sum Representation of LTI Systems

2.2. Continuous-Time LTI Systems: The Convolution Integral

2.2.1. The Representation of Continuous-Time Signals in Terms of Impulses

2.2.2. The Continuous-Time Unit Impulse Response and the Convolution Integral Representation of LTI Systems

2.3. Properties of Linear Time-Invariant Systems

2.3.1. The Commutative Property

2.3.2. The Distributive Property

2.3.3. The Associative Property

2.3.4. LTI Systems with and without Memory

2.3.5. Invertibility of LTI Systems

2.3.6. Causality for LTI Systems

2.3.7. Stability for LTI Systems

2.3.8. The Unit Step Response of an LTI System

2.4. Causal LTI Systems Described by Differential and Difference Equations

2.4.1. Linear Constant-Coefficient Differential Equations

2.4.2. Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations

2.4.3. Block Diagram Representations of First-Order Systems Described by Differential and Difference Equations

2.5. Singularity Functions

2.5.1. The Unit Impulse as an Idealized Short Pulse

2.5.2. Defining the Unit Impulse through Convolution

2.5.3. Unit Doublets and Other Singularity Functions

3. Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Signals

3.0. Introduction

3.1. A Historical Perspective

3.2. The Response of LTI Systems to Complex Exponentials

3.3. Fourier Series Representation of Continuous-Time Periodic Signals

3.3.1. Linear Combinations of Harmonically Related Complex Exponentials

3.3.2. Determination of the Fourier Series Representation of a Continuous-Time Periodic Signal

3.4. Convergence of the Fourier Series

3.5. Properties of Continuous-Time Fourier Series

3.5.1. Linearity

3.5.2. Time Shifting

3.5.3. Time Reversal

3.5.4. Time Scaling

3.5.5. Multiplication

3.5.6. Conjugation and Conjugate Symmetry

3.5.7. Parseval's Relation for Continuous-Time Periodic Signals

3.5.8. Summary of Properties of the Continuous-Time Fourier Series

3.5.9. Examples

3.6. Fourier Series Representation of Discrete-Time Periodic Signals

3.6.1. Linear Combinations of Harmonically Related Complex Exponentials

3.6.2. Determination of the Fourier Series Representation of a Periodic Signal

3.7. Properties of Discrete-Time Fourier Series

3.7.1. Multiplication

3.7.2. First Difference

3.7.3. Parseval's Relation for Discrete-Time Periodic Signals

3.7.4. Examples

3.8. Fourier Series and LTI Systems

3.9.1. Frequency-Shaping Filters

3.9.2. Frequency-Selective Filters

3.10. Examples of Continuous-Time Filters Described by Differential Equations

3.10.1. A Simple RC Lowpass Filter

3.10.2. A Simple RC Highpass Filter

3.11. Examples of Discrete-Time Filters Described by Difference Equations

3.11.1. First-Order Recursive Discrete-Time Filters

3.11.2. Nonrecursive Discrete-Time Filters

4. The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform

4.0. Introduction

4.1. Representation of Aperiodic Signals: The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform

4.1.1. Development of the Fourier Transform Representation of an Aperiodic Signal

4.1.2. Convergence of Fourier Transforms

4.1.3. Examples of Continuous-Time Fourier Transforms

4.2. The Fourier Transform for Periodic Signals

4.3. Properties of the Continuous-Time Fourier Transform

4.3.1. Linearity

4.3.2. Time Shifting

4.3.3. Conjugation and Conjugate Symmetry

4.3.4. Differentiation and Integration

4.3.5. Time and Frequency Scaling

4.3.7. Parseval's Relation

4.4. The Convolution Property

4.4.1. Examples

4.5. The Multiplication Property

4.5.1. Frequency-Selective Filtering with Variable Center Frequency

4.6. Tables of Fourier Properties and of Basic Fourier Transform Pairs

4.7. Systems Characterized by Linear Constant-Coefficient Differential Equations

5. The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

5.0. Introduction

5.1. Representation of Aperiodic Signals: The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

5.1.1. Development of the Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

5.1.2. Examples of Discrete-Time Fourier Transforms

5.1.3. Convergence Issues Associated with the Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

5.2. The Fourier Transform for Periodic Signals

5.3. Properties of the Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

5.3.1. Periodicity of the Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

5.3.2. Linearity of the Fourier Transform

5.3.3. Time Shifting and Frequency Shifting

5.3.4. Conjugation and Conjugate Symmetry

5.3.5. Differencing and Accumulation

5.3.6. Time Reversal

5.3.7. Time Expansion

5.3.8. Differentiation in Frequency

5.3.9. Parseval's Relation

5.4. The Convolution Property

5.4.1. Examples

5.5. The Multiplication Property

5.6. Tables of Fourier Transform Properties and Basic Fourier Transform Pairs

5.7.1. Duality in the Discrete-Time Fourier Series

5.7.2. Duality between the Discrete-Time Fourier Transform and the Continuous-Time Fourier Series

5.8. Systems Characterized by Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations

6. Time and Frequency Characterization of Signals and Systems

6.0. Introduction

6.1. The Magnitude-Phase Representation of the Fourier Transform

6.2. The Magnitude-Phase Representation of the Frequency Response of LTI Systems

6.2.1. Linear and Nonlinear Phase

6.2.2. Group Delay

6.2.3. Log-Magnitude and Bode Plots

6.3. Time-Domain Properties of Ideal Frequency-Selective Filters

6.4. Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Aspects of Nonideal Filters

6.5. First-Order and Second-Order Continuous-Time Systems

6.5.1. First-Order Continuous-Time Systems

6.5.2. Second-Order Continuous-Time Systems

6.5.3. Bode Plots for Rational Frequency Responses

6.6. First-Order and Second-Order Discrete-Time Systems

6.6.1. First-Order Discrete-Time Systems

6.6.2. Second-Order Discrete-Time Systems

6.7. Examples of Time- and Frequency-Domain Analysis of Systems

6.7.1. Analysis of an Automobile Suspension System

6.7.2. Examples of Discrete-Time Nonrecursive Filters

7.0. Introduction

7.1. Representation of a Continuous-Time Signal by Its Samples: The Sampling Theorem

7.1.1. Impulse-Train Sampling

7.1.2. Sampling with a Zero-Order Hold

7.2. Reconstruction of a Signal from Its Samples Using Interpolation

7.3. The Effect of Undersampling: Aliasing

7.4. Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

7.4.1. Digital Differentiator

7.4.2. Half-Sample Delay

7.5. Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

7.5.1. Impulse-Train Sampling

7.5.2. Discrete-Time Decimation and Interpolation

8. Communication Systems

8.0. Introduction

8.1. Complex Exponential and Sinusoidal Amplitude Modulation

8.1.1. Amplitude Modulation with a Complex Exponential Carrier

8.1.2. Amplitude Modulation with a Sinusoidal Carrier

8.2. Demodulation for Sinusoidal AM

8.2.1. Synchronous Demodulation

8.2.2. Asynchronous Demodulation

8.3. Frequency-Division Multiplexing

8.4. Single-Sideband Sinusoidal Amplitude Modulation

8.5. Amplitude Modulation with a Pulse-Train Carrier

8.5.1. Modulation of a Pulse-Train Carrier

8.5.2. Time-Division Multiplexing

8.6. Pulse-Amplitude Modulation

8.6.1. Pulse-Amplitude Modulated Signals

8.6.2. Intersymbol Interference in PAM Systems

8.6.3. Digital Pulse-Amplitude and Pulse-Code Modulation

8.7. Sinusoidal Frequency Modulation

8.7.1. Narrowband Frequency Modulation

8.7.2. Wideband Frequency Modulation

8.7.3. Periodic Square-Wave Modulating Signal

8.8. Discrete-Time Modulation

8.8.1. Discrete-Time Sinusoidal Amplitude Modulation

8.8.2. Discrete-Time Transmodulation

9. The Laplace Transform

9.0. Introduction

9.1. The Laplace Transform

9.2. The Region of Convergence for Laplace Transforms

9.3. The Inverse Laplace Transform

9.4. Geometric Evaluation of the Fourier Transform from the Pole-Zero Plot

9.4.1. First-Order Systems

9.4.2. Second-Order Systems

9.4.3. All-Pass Systems

9.5. Properties of the Laplace Transform

9.5.1. Linearity of the Laplace Transform

9.5.2. Time Shifting

9.5.3. Shifting in the s-Domain

9.5.4. Time Scaling

9.5.5. Conjugation

9.5.6. Convolution Property

9.5.7. Differentiation in the Time Domain

9.5.8. Differentiation in the s-Domain

9.5.9. Integration in the Time Domain

9.5.10. The Initial- and Final-Value Theorems

9.5.11. Table of Properties

9.6. Some Laplace Transform Pairs

9.7. Analysis and Characterization of LTI Systems Using the Laplace Transform

9.7.1. Causality

9.7.2. Stability

9.7.3. LTI Systems Characterized by Linear Constant-Coefficient Differential Equations

9.7.4. Examples Relating System Behavior to the System Function

9.7.5. Butterworth Filters

9.8. System Function Algebra and Block Diagram Representations

9.8.1. System Functions for Interconnections of LTI Systems

9.8.2. Block Diagram Representations for Causal LTI Systems Described by Differential Equations and Rational System Functions

9.9. The Unilateral Laplace Transform

9.9.1. Examples of Unilateral Laplace Transforms

9.9.2. Properties of the Unilateral Laplace Transform

9.9.3. Solving Differential Equations Using the Unilateral Laplace Transform

10. The Z-Transform

10.0. Introduction

10.1. The z-Transform

10.2. The Region of Convergence for the z-Transform

10.3. The Inverse z-Transform

10.4. Geometric Evaluation of the Fourier Transform from the Pole-Zero Plot

10.4.1. First-Order Systems

10.4.2. Second-Order Systems

10.5. Properties of the z-Transform

10.5.1. Linearity

10.5.2. Time Shifting

10.5.3. Scaling in the z-Domain

10.5.4. Time Reversal

10.5.5. Time Expansion

10.5.6. Conjugation

10.5.7. The Convolution Property

10.5.8. Differentiation in the z-Domain

10.5.9. The Initial-Value Theorem

10.5.10. Summary of Properties

10.6. Some Common z-Transform Pairs

10.7. Analysis and Characterization of LTI Systems Using z-Transforms

10.7.1. Causality

10.7.2. Stability

10.7.3. LTI Systems Characterized by Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations

10.7.4. Examples Relating System Behavior to the System Function

10.8. System Function Algebra and Block Diagram Representations

10.8.1. System Functions for Interconnections of LTI Systems

10.8.2. Block Diagram Representations for Causal LTI Systems Described by Difference Equations and Rational System Functions

10.9. The Unilateral z-Transform

10.9.1. Examples of Unilateral z-Transforms and Inverse Transforms

10.9.2. Properties of the Unilateral z-Transform

10.9.3. Solving Difference Equations Using the Unilateral z-Transform

11. Linear Feedback Systems

11.0. Introduction

11.1. Linear Feedback Systems

11.2. Some Applications and Consequences of Feedback

11.2.1. Inverse System Design

11.2.2. Compensation for Nonideal Elements

11.2.3. Stabilization of Unstable Systems

11.2.4. Sampled-Data Feedback Systems

11.2.5. Tracking Systems

11.2.6. Destabilization Caused by Feedback

11.3. Root-Locus Analysis of Linear Feedback Systems

11.3.1. An Introductory Example

11.3.2. Equation for the Closed-Loop Poles

11.3.3. The End Points of the Root Locus: The Closed-Loop Poles for K = 0 and |K| = +∞

11.3.4. The Angle Criterion

11.3.5. Properties of the Root Locus

11.4. The Nyquist Stability Criterion

11.4.1. The Encirclement Property

11.4.2. The Nyquist Criterion for Continuous-Time LTI Feedback Systems

11.4.3. The Nyquist Criterion for Discrete-Time LTI Feedback Systems

11.5. Gain and Phase Margins

Partial-Fraction Expansion

Edition Notes

Previous ed.: 1983.
Includes index.

Bibliography: p. 921-929.

Published in: Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, London
Series: Prentice-Hall signal processing series

Classifications

Dewey Decimal Class: 621.38223
Library of Congress: QA402 .O63 1997

The Physical Object

Pagination: xxx, 957 p.
Number of pages: 957

Edition Identifiers

Open Library: OL14753755M
ISBN 10: 0136511759
LCCN: 96019945
OCLC/WorldCat: 35911176
LibraryThing: 7667897
Goodreads: 1015302

Work Identifiers

Work ID: OL3270906W
LibraryThing: 155141

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