The aim of this book is to provide a review of the changing environment of major universities in Europe and the United States, with particular emphasis on changes in public policies, and to examine the implications no this new environment on the internal organization of universities. The book is purposely cross-national in its scope, and in the perspective of each author as a means of underscoring the increasing international convergence of public policies affecting higher education and of related university reform. While the book and its authors focus on Europe and the United States, the arguments are likely to be influential on major universities throughout the world, because the discussed trends are now universal. The book is distinguished by its authors, who are internationally acknowledged as leaders in the field. Each author was selected because of his or her acknowledged expertise on the relevant topic, and the papers, while specifically written in a form accessible to policy makers, university leaders, and the broader academic audience, are authoritative with regard to recent research in the field.