Preface
Chapter 1 : Getting started.
Introducing the camera
Getting your camera ready
Focusing and setting the exposure
Taking your picture
What will you photograph?:
Some basic guidelines to get you started
Photographing people
Photographing places
Chapter 2 : Camera.
Basic camera controls
Shutter:
Shutter and light
Shutter and motion
Conveying motion in a still photograph
Aperture:
Aperture and light
Aperture and depth of field
Using shutter and aperture together
Choosing a camera
Keeping the camera steady
Photographer At Work: Photojournalist James Nachtwey
Chapter 3 : Lens.
From pinhole to lens
Lens focal length:
Normal focal length
Long focal length
Short focal length
Zoom lenses
Special-purpose lenses
Focusing your lens:
Manual focus
Automatic focus
Focus and depth of field:
Controlling depth of field
Zone focusing
Focusing on the hyperfocal distance
Perspective
Guidelines for buying a lens
Getting the most from your camera and lens
Photographer At Work: Documentary photographer Mary Ellen Mark
Chapter 4 : Exposure, sensors and film.
Exposure basics:
Equivalent exposures
How exposure meters work
In-camera exposure meters
Automatic exposure
How to meter:
Overall reading of a scene with average tones
Using different types of meters
Metering high-contrast scenes
Exposing for specific tones and bracketing
Hard-to-meter scenes
Histogram:
Measures a digital photograph
Three histograms for color
Exposure latitude and dynamic range:
How much can exposures vary?
Responding to light:
Silver and pixels
Selecting and using film
Film and sensor speed:
Speed and ISO
Grain and noise
Using filters
Extending beyond visible light:
Infrared photographs
Using exposure
Photographer At Work: Advertising photographer Clint Clemens
Chapter 5 : Light and color.
Color: Additive or subtractive
Color photographs: Three image layers
Color characteristics
Color balance:
Color changes throughout the day
Color temperature
Color casts
Mixed light
Color modes and gamuts
Color management
Photographer At Work: Another angle on sports-Walter Iooss, Jr.
Chapter 6 : Entering the digital darkroom.
Hardware and software:
Overview
Capturing detail:
Resolution and bit depth
Photographs are files:
File formats
Channels:
Color or black and white?
Importing your images:
Downloading from a camera/scanning
Making a scan
Setting up a workflow
Workflow applications
Photographer At Work: Digital storyteller Pedro Meyer
Chapter 7 : Image editing.
Digital post-processing: getting started
Choosing software
Your work area and tools
Image-editing workflow:
Step-by-step process
Adjusting shape:
Crop and rotate
Adjusting color and value:
Different approaches
Using levels
Curves
Adjusting all or part of an image:
Selection tools
Using layers
Other editing commands:
High dynamic range
Filters for special effects
Sharpening
Retouching
Composting
Photographer At Work: RetouchShoppe-Scalese and Villarreal
Chapter 8 : Printing.
Printers and printing:
Printer choices
Drivers and RIPS
Profiles and soft proofing
Papers and inks
Printing options:
Panoramic photographs
Printing in black and white
Displaying your work:
Internet-gallery and resource
Ethics: How far can you go?
Chapter 9 : Organizing, storing, and presenting work.
Image storage:
Size matters
Metadata: data about your files
Software to keep you organized
Archiving digital images
Archiving film and prints
Mounting a print:
Equipment and supplies you'll need
Dry mounting
Cutting an overmat
Framing and glazing
Chapter 10 : Lighting.
Direction of light
Degree of diffusion: from hard to soft light
Available light-outdoors
Available light-indoors
Artificial light:
Lights and other lighting equipment
Qualities of artificial light
Main light: the dominant source
Fill light: to lighten shadows
Lighting with flash:
Flash equipment
Basic flash techniques
Manual flash exposures
Automatic flash exposures
Fill flash: to lighten shadows
Controlling background brightness
Simple portrait lighting
Multiple-light portrait setups
Lighting textured objects
Lighting reflective objects
Lighting translucent objects
Using lighting
Photographer At Work: Dance photographer Lois Greenfield
Chapter 11 : Extending the image.
Using scale:
Pictures very large and very small
Multiple images:
More is better
Fabricated to be photographed
Photograph as object
Using projections
Making a book
Alternative processes:
Cyanotype printing
Platinum and palladium printing
Gum bichromate printing
Collodion and tintypes
Photogram: a cameraless picture
Pinhole photography
How to make a close-up photograph:
Close-up exposures
Copying techniques
Chapter 12 : Seeing photographs.
Basic choices:
Content
Framing the subject
Backgrounds
Basic design:
Spot/line
Shape/pattern
Emphasis/balance
More choices:
Using contrasts of sharpness
Using contrasts of light and dark
Placing the subject within the frame
Perspective and point of view
Looking at-and talking abou-photographs
Showing your work to editors and others
Chapter 13 : History of photography.
Invention of photography
Daguerreotype: designs on silver bright
Calotype: pictures on paper
Collodion wet-plate: sharp and reproducible
Gelatin/emulsion/roll-film base: photography for everyone
Color photography
Early portraits
Early travel photography
Early images of war
Time and motion in early photographs
Photograph as document
Photography and social change
Photojournalism
Photography as art in the 19th century
Pictorial photography and the photo-secession
Direct image in art
Quest for a new vision
Photography as art in the 1950s and 1960s
Photography as art in the 1970s and 1980s
Color photography arrives-again
Digital photography becomes mainstream
Gallery of contemporary photography
Troubleshooting
Glossary
Bibliography