All organizations, both private and public, must improve, streamline, and automate their business practices to adjust to rigorous demands of a highly volatile marketplace, austere financial resources, and manpower reductions. This thesis analyzes the potential of business process reengineering (BPR) to dramatically improve the Military Pay Document Process (MPDP) for the United States Army and the United States Coast Guard financial communities. Based on Nissen's methodology the MPDP is analyzed and three redesign alternatives are developed, which are capable of yielding order of magnitude improvements in cycle time and cost. This thesis includes process simulation and intelligent systems analysis of the Army and Coast Guard's baseline MPDP to generate and evaluate the three redesign alternatives. Simulation runs demonstrate that cycle time and cost can be reduced substantially by redesigning the MPDP. The redesign alternatives take a comprehensive look at transformation enablers and information technology (IT) capable of eliminating the Personnel Administrative Clerks (PAC) and the finance office functions as they pertain to pay transaction processing. The research concludes that the Army and Coast Guard's MPDP can be dramatically improved by eliminating middlemen functions (PAC and finance office) and shortening the value chain using IT along with other transformation enablers.