An edition of Fundamental philosophy
(1856)
Fundamental philosophy
Volume 1
by Jaime Luciano Balmes
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Book Details
Table of Contents
CONTENTS OF VOL. I.
BOOK FIRST.
ON CERTAINTY.
I. Importance and Utility of the Question of Certainty 3
II. True State of the Question 7
III. Certainty of the Human Race and Philosophical Certainty 14
IV. Existence of Transcendental Science in the Absolute Intellectual Order 24
V. Transcendental Science in tho Human Intellectual Order cannot emanate from the Senses 32
VI. Transcendental Science. — Insufficiency of Real Truths 37
VII. The Philosophy of the Me cannot produce Transcendental Science 41
VIII. Universal Identity 55
IX. Universal Identity, — Continued. 64
X. Problem of Representation : Monads of Leibnitz 67
XI. Problem of Representation examined 71
XII. Immediate Intelligibility. 76
XIII. Representation of Causality and Ideality 83
XIV. Impossibility of Finding the first Principle in the Ideal Order 89
XV. The Indispensable Condition of all Human Knowledge. — Means of perceiving Truth 92
XVI. Confusion of Ideas in Disputes on the Fundamental Principle 102
XVII. Thought and Existence. — Descartes* Principle 105
XVIII. The Principle of Descartes, continued. — His Method 111
XIX. Value of the Principle, I Think: — Its Analysis 118
XX. True Sense of the Principle of Contradiction.— Knot's Opinion 126
XXI Does the Principle of Contradiction merit the Title of Fundamental? and if so, in what Sense? 140
XXII. The Principle of Evidence 146
XXIII. The Criterion of Consciousness 161
XXIV. The Criterion cf Evidence 167
XXV. The Objective Value^of Ideas 168
XXVI. Can all Cognitions be reduced to the Perception of Identity? 171
XXVII. Continuation of the same subject 176
XXVIII. Continuation of the same subject 188
XXIX. Are there true Synthetic Judgments a priori in the Sense of Kant? 188
XXX. Vico's Criterion 200
XXXI. Continuation of the same subject 212
XXXII. The Criterion of Common Sense 219
XXXIII. Error of Lamennais on Common Consent 280
XXXIV. Summary and Conclusion 268
BOOK SECOND.
ON SENSATION.
I. Sensation in Itself 249
II. Matter is incapable of Sensation. 266
III. Sleep and Waking 268
IV. Relation of Sensations to an External World 267
V. An Idealist Hypothesis 278
VI. Is the External and Immediate Cause of Sensations a Free Cause? 276
VII. Analysis of the Objectiveness of Sensations 279
VIII. Sensation of Extension 288
IX. Objectiveness of the Sensation of Extension 287
X. Force of Touch to make Sensations Objective 298
XI. Inferiority of Touch compared with other Senses 296
XII. Can Sight alone give us the Idea of a Surface? 802
XIII. Cheselden's Blind Man 810
XIV. Can Sight give us the Idea of a Solid? 816
XV. Sight and Motion 319
XVI. Possibility of other Senses 324
XVII. Existence of New Senses 328
XVIII. Solution of Lamennais' Objection 338
BOOK THIRD.
EXTENSION AND SPACE.
I. Extension Inseparable from the Idea of Body 339
II. Extension not Perceptible as the Direct and Immediate Object of Sensations. 345
III. Scientific Fruitfulness of the Idea of Extension 348
IV. Reality of Extension 357
V. Geometrical Exactness Realized in Nature 360
VI. Remarks on Extension 366
VII. Space. — Nothing 369
VIII. Descartes and Leibnitz on Space 375
IX. Opinion of those who attribute to Space a Nature distinct from Bodies 380
X. Opinion of those who hold Space to be the Immensity of God 382
XI. Fenelon's Opinion 386
XII. What Space consists in 391
XIII. New Difficulties 396
XIV. Another Important Consequence 400
XV. Illusion of Fixed Points in Space 403
XVI. Observations on Kant's Opinion 407
XVII. Inability of Kant's Doctrine to solve the Problem of the Possibility of Experience 416
XVIII. The Problem of Sensible Experience 418
XIX. Extension abstracted from Phenomena 421
XX. Are there Absolute Magnitudes? 427
XXI. Pure Intelligibility of the Extended World 432
XXII. Infinite Divisibility. 486
XXIII. Unextended Points 439
XXIV. A Conjecture on the Transcendental Notion of Extension 442
XXV. Harmony of the Real, Phenomenal, and Ideal Orders 446
XXVI. Character of the Relations of the Real Order to the Phenomenal 450
XXVII. Whether every Thing must be in some Place 452
XXVIII. Contingency of Corporeal Relations. 459
XXIX. Solution of two Difficulties 462
XXX. Passive Sensibility 466
XXXI. Possibility of a greater Sphere in active Sensibility 469
XXXII. Possibility of the Penetration of Bodies. 480
XXXIII. A Triumph of Religion in the Field of Philosophy 488
XXXIV. Conclusion and Summing up 489
Notes to Book First 495
Note to Book Second 514
Notes to Book Third 517
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