Suspected declines in cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki abundance in Southeast Alaska and a history of thorough research in the 1960s at the Lake Eva system on Baranof Island prompted a re-examination of the Lake Eva system between 1995 and 1997. Research in 1995 included a weir to count emigrants for comparison to historical data, and a mark recapture experiment in Lake Eva to estimate abundance. An estimated 2,154 (SE = 274) cutthroat trout 180mm fork length (FL) were present in mid-July 1995, after mature sea-run trout had emigrated from the lake. Lake sampling was extended in 1996 and 1997 to permit use of a Jolly-Seber (JS) model to estimate abundance in 1996. An estimated 1,487 (SE = 464) cutthroat trout 180mm FL were present during mid-July 1996 using the JS model. Catch per unit effort with traps decreased from a high of 1.77 fish per trap in 1995 to 1.27 in 1996, then to a low of 0.47 fish per trap in 1997. The low CPUE in 1997 may indicate significantly lower population size in 1997. The estimate of survival for marked fish between 1995 and 1996 was = 0.27. This low estimate likely resulted because Lake Eva serves as a nursery lake for immature anadromous fish, and/or that fish sampled in one year simply emigrated to unsampled stream habitats above and below the lake prior to subsequent samplings. Approximately one-half of the cutthroat trout 180 mm FL present in the lake during mid-July 19951997 were larger than 240 mm FL, and one-half were between 180 mm and 239 mm FL. Only 51 of 1,111 (4.6%) cutthroat sampled during the study were larger than the minimum 14-inch size limit (>336 mm FL) established for harvesting by sport fishermen.