The Bethesda System for reporting the results of cervical cytology was developed as a uniform system of terminology, providing clear guidance for clinical management. The Bethesda System 2001 Workshop was convened to evaluate and update the 1991 Bethesda System terminology for reporting the results of cervical cytology. The New Edition has been extensively updated and revised to reflect the new Bethesda System. The new terminology reflects important advances in biological understanding of cervical neoplasia and cervical screening technology. The handbook has now been expanded to include more than 185 full color illustrations (twice the number of color images than in the 1st edition). New to the Second Edition are sections that address ancillary testing, including HPV, the inclusion of educational notes and recommendations, computerized screening, and anal cytology, as well as sample reports. In line with recent advances, the text and images address liquid-based cytology in addition to conventional cytology. In addition to its user-friendly, outline format, the inclusion of index allows the reader easier access to the information.