Islamic radicalism has commanded attention in recent years, to the neglect of more moderate voices and trends. This volume introduces the current generation of reformist thinkers and activists and the intellectual traditions they carry on. Regionally focused chapters cover Iran, the Arab East, the Maghreb, South Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Turkey, Europe, and North America. The book traces the roots of reformist thinking both in the Islamic tradition and as a response to the challenges of modernity, and identifies commonalities, comparisons, vulnerabilities, and trends of the modernizing movements.