The reform activities of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century were also seen in the field of education. As a result of Mahmud's attempt to establish new schools, secondary schools were opened. In this context, firstly, daha Mekteb-i Maârif-i Adliye eb and Mekteb-i Ulûm-ı Edebiyatiye were opened in order to train qualified teachers, and then the schools were opened. During the reign of Abdülhamid II, the secondary school, which is seen in almost every corner of the country during the constitutional monarchy period, can be considered one of the most common and important educational institutions of the Ottoman modernization history. Developments in education structure of girls and boys secondary schools, secondary school buildings, syllabuses, textbooks, course tools and materials, applications related to students, practices related to teachers, penalties and rewards, practices related to the acceptance of schools, supervision and supervision of schools, the issues have been tried to be evaluated in the light of archive sources. Again in this work, Darülmuallimîn and Darülmuallimât, one of the institutions that educate teachers in the school for secondary schools, were given place and the historical development of these two institutions were tried to be discussed in parallel with the rudiments. Thus, it was evaluated by considering the schools in terms of both students and teachers, and it was tried to be positioned at the right place in the historical ground.