II. Abdulhamid period has a special place in terms of Ottoman military history. During his reign, reforms were carried out in the Ottoman Army one after another, and a modern type of permanent army was established, which was not backed by the best European armies. Russia, which has a border with both the land and the sea, has the experience of fighting the Ottoman army and fleet, and has been investigating the military potential of the Ottoman Army and following the changes in the army closely. The Russian General Staff was well aware of the military reforms in the Ottoman Empire. All this intelligence was gathered through the system of gathering information about the Ottoman Armed Forces, which was formed by the Russian military administration. The documents in this book are stored in different locations of the RGVIA (Rossiyskiy Gosudarstvenniy Voenno-Istoriçeskiy Arhiv (Russian State Military History Archives) in Moscow, which are: Russian Army Headquarters (Fond 400), Military Training Committee (Fond 400) Fond 401), the General Staff (Fond 2000). The pictures in the study were taken from museums with different archives in Russia, and the documents used as visual materials in the work, in the above mentioned RGVİA, the soldiers used in the Ottoman Army and the soldiers' uniforms in St. Petersburg VİMAİV i VS (Voennoİstoriçeskiy Muzey Artillerii, İnjenernıh Voysk i Voysk Svyazi/Artillery, Engineer and Communication Troops Military History Museum) is published for the first time.