This volume constitutes the first English translation of Latin letters relating to the Jesuit mission in Ethiopia. It covers a period beginning shortly after the accession of Emperor Susenyos, who would convert to Catholicism in 1612 and declare Roman Catholicism the religion of Ethiopia in 1621, to the ejection of the Jesuits by Susenyos's son Fasilädäs in 1633 and the suppression of the mission over the course of the following decade. The letters document a fascinating encounter between Western and African Christianities and detailed accounts of the theological, political, and educational activities of the Jesuit mission, as well as the significant role played by Ethiopian aristocratic and royal women in resisting the imposition of Western Catholicism.