This book develops an analysis of the historical, political and legal contexts behind current demands by NGOs and the United Nations Human Rights Council to hold corporations accountable for their human rights violations by corporations. Based on an analysis of the range of mechanisms of accountability that current exist, it argues that that those demands are a response to the failure of neoliberal politics that have dominated the practice of politics and law since the emergence of this debate in its current form in the 1970s. Offering a new approach to understanding how struggles for hegemony are refracted through a range of legal challenges to corporate human rights violations, the book offers a fresh perspective for understanding how those struggles are played out in the global sphere. In order to analyse the prospects for using human rights law to challenge the right of corporations to author human rights violations, the book analyses the development of a range of political initiatives in the UN, the uses of tort law in domestic courts, and the uses of human rights law at European Court of Human Rights and at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.