An edition of Christian Philosophy, God
(1900)
Christian philosophy, God
Being A Contribution To A Philosophy Of Theism
by Driscoll, John T. (John Thomas), 1866-
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Book Details
Table of Contents
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Agnosticism.
I. Modern Philosophy compared to:
(i) Greek Philosophy, V cent., B. C. 6
(a) Scholasticism of 13th cent 6
II. Agnosticism:
(1) Origin:
(a) the term: Mr. Huxley 7
(b) the doctrine: fundamentally the same as Greek Scepticism, but circumstances are different 7
(2) Development:
(a) philosophical: Real Phenomenalism, e. g., Locke; Ideal Phenomenalism, e. g. t Kant; both combine in Huxley, Spencer, etc 3
(b) scientific: decline of Hegel; rise and spread of physical science 12
(c) false representations of religious truth 15
III. Doctrine:
(1) with Tyndall, Huxley: fragmentary 16
(2) with Spencer: systematic 17
(a) phenomenon and noumenon.
(b) Relativity of Knowledge, e. g. t Hamilton, Mill, Grote, Spencer.
IV. Criticism:
(1) true method 19
(2) True and false Agnosticism 21
(3) contradictions of Mr. Spencer 22
(4) Philosophy of Religion 23
V. Influence: in Science, Biblical Studies, Theology, Literature 23
CHAPTER II.
The Fact.
Belief in God a psychological fact 26
I. Universal in place 27
II. Universal In time: primitive monotheism. 29.
(1) in general 29.
(2) speciatim:
(a) Indo-Europeans:
(1) Hindus 30
(a) Persians 33
(3) Greece and Rome 35
(4) conclusion 35
(d) Egyptians 36
(c) China. 37
(d) Semites 38
(e) Savages:
(1) Individual testimony 39
(2) Traditions 41
(3) theory of evolution disproved. 41
(3) CwMlfes*o»: primitive purity, degeneracy, primitive revelation, monotheism. 42
III. Expression of the Fact:
(1) by moral and metaphysical relations 43
(2) by phenomena of the asternal world 44
CHAPTER III.
Origin of the Belief.
I. Theory of Innate Ideas 45
1. Defenders 46
a. Criticism:
(a) False Assumption 47
(b) False basis.
(c) Idea of God.
II. Theory of Evolution 49
1. Defenders: Spencer 50
a. Criticism 53
(a) Assumptions.
(b) False.
(c) Fallacious.
III. Theory of Theosophy. 55
1. Teaching,
a. Forms:
(a) Ontologism:
(1) De Bonald, Donnetti 56
(2) Neo-Hegelians 57
(3) Criticism 58
(b) Special faculty:
(1) Forme 58
(2) Muller 58
(3) Critteism 59
(c) Theory of feeling:
(1) Defenders 59
(2) Doctrine.
(3) Criticism.
IV. Theory of Christian Philosophy 60
1. Sources,
2. Teaching.
CHAPTER IV.
Mental Life.
I. Grounds for idea of God in consciousness 63
II. Errors:
(1) The a prioti proof: Anselm, Scotus, DesCartes, Leibnitz 64
(2) The Neo-Hegelian: Fichte, Hegel, The Neo-Hegelians 67
III. Theory of Christian Philosophy 70
(1) Method a posteriori 71
(2) Argument.
(a) The universal idea viewed as to its content 7a
(b) The judgment: first principles 75
(c) Reasoning: error, mathematics, reign of truth 76
(d) St. Augustine, Bossuet, Fenelon — the facts of ignorance, of discovery 78
teaching 79
IV. Criticism oi Prof. Royct: criticism 80
CHAPTER V.
Moral Life.
Argument is two-fold: law of conscience and aspirations of the soul 83
I. Argument from conscience 84
1°. The Moral Order:
(1) right and wrong 84
(2) obligation, moral necessity and moral order 85
(3) sanction in the individual and in history 86
2°. Conscience 87
(1) the voice of the moral law.
(2) its nature and office.
3°. Argument. 88
(1) how formulated.
(2) its conclusion: a just and good God.
4°. Errors, e. g. Kant 89
(1) his notion of morality.
(2) Independent morality, e.g., Neo-Kantians, disciples of culture, ethical societies, etc.
(3) criticism.
II. Argument from fundamental desires 91
1°. aspiration for truth.
2°. love of the good.
3°. desire of life.
4°. longing for happiness.
5°. man's religious nature.
Conclusion; force of the argument 93
CHAPTER VI.
Contingency.
I. Basis of the argument: the fact of change 96
II. The argument 97
(1) chemistry 97
(2) Physics:
(a) mechanical physics 99
(b) Thermo-Dynamics 100
(3) Astronomy 103
(4) Geology 105
(5) Biology 106
(6) Anthropology 110
(7) Mathematics 111
Conclusion.
CHAPTER VII.
Causality.
1. The principle:
(1) cause 117
(2) efficient cause: its nature 118
(3) how expressed:
(a) every effect has a cause 119
(b) the dependent demands the independent 120
(c) a thing beginning to be demands a reason for the beginning. 120
(4) how proved 121
II. Errors 121
(1) Hume:
(a) genesis of cause: its value 122
(b) criticism: experience — value of Hume's position 122
(2) Mill:
(a) nature of cause 125
(b) criticism 125
III. Argument 126
CHAPTER VIII.
Motion.
I. The Principle 129
(1) motion: potential and kinetic energy 130
(2) definition of Aristotle 131
II. Errors: Hegel. 131
(1) The ro fieri 132
(2) criticism:
(a) false philosophically 132
(b) false scientifically 133
(c) falsity of Neo-Hegeiianism 133
III. The Argument 133
IV. The Argument from Local Motion 133
(1) nature of local motion 134
(2) nature of attraction:
(a) theory of Mechanists 135
(b) theory of Dynamists 137
(3) objections:
(a) eternal motion 138
(b) Kant's theory 139
V. Argument from Mutation 140
(1) question stated 140
(2) basis:
(a) everything in motion is moved by something else 140
(b) infinite series impossible 143
(3) reducible to local motion 144
VI. Conclusion 145
CHAPTER I
Order.
History — importance 147
I. Basis 148
final cause: question stated 149
II. The Fact 151
(1) efficient and final cause 151
(2) final cause necessary:
(a) Physiology 152
(b) Psychology 153
(c) Ethics 154
III. The Principle 156
(1) nature 156
(2) Proof 157
(a) facts: hypothesis of chance.
(b) conscious experience.
(c) animal life.
(d) external nature: nature add art
(e) material universe.
IV. Theories. 161
1°. Mechanical:
(a) doctrine: 161
(b) criticism 162
2°. Evolution:
(a) forms: Monism, Agnosticism, Darwinism 165
(b) criticism. 165
3°. Pantheism: Schoppenaauer, Hartman 172
V. Theory of Christian Philosophy 174
i°. Doctrine.
2°. Proof:
(1) by exclusion.
(2) by reasoning from facts.
(3) method and conclusion.
CHAPTER X.
Creation.
I. Theory of Pantheism. 179
1°. Theory of Emanation 180
(1) doctrine.
(2) forms:
(a) India 181
(b) Gnostics 182
(c) Neo-Platonism 183
(d) Erigena , 183
(e) Cousin 184
(3) criticism 185
2°. Theory of Manifestation. 185
(1) doctrine.
(2) forms:
(a) India 186
(b) Stoic 187
(c) Spinoza 188
(3) Influence 189
3°. Transcendental Theory. 190
(1) doctrine.
(2) forms:
(a) Vedanta 191
(b) German Transcendentalism 198
II. Dnalistic Theory 200
(1) history and forma. 200
(a) Ethical dualism 201
III. Theory of Creation 202
(1) notion 202
(2) proof 204
CHAPTER XI.
Unity.
I. Unity 209
II. Simple Unity 211
(1) not collective unity an
(2) not potential unity 213
(3) not abstract unity 217
III. Theory of Christian Philosophy 223
(t) simple unity , 223
(2) not a physical composite, e. g. body 223
(3) not a metaphysical composite, e. g. soul 224
(4) not a logical composite 227
(5) God a pure act, a pure spirit 228
Immanence and Transcendence of God 229
CHAPTER XII.
Providence.
Question stated 231
I. Notion of Providence : law, government, order, meaning of law, 333
II. The Material World 335
reign of law: Astronomy, Chemistry, Physics:
III. Organic World 240
reign of law: Biology, Anatomy, Physiology.
IV. Difficulties:
(1) perturbations in stellar universe, e. g. Astronomy, Meteorology 246
(2) prodigality in organic kingdom 248
(3) useless organs 250
CHAPTER XIII.
Prayer.
The question. 253
I. The Fact 254
II. Theory of Modern Science 255
(1) prayer opposed to physical laws: its true value 256
(2) criticism 258
III. Miracles 260
(1) nature 260
(2) Errors:
(a) Pantheists: Spinoza, Spencer, Hegel 265
(b) Physical Scientists 266
(c) facts denied, e. g. Tyndall, Huxley 268
IV. Special Providences 270
(1) nature 270
(2) how illustrated 271
V. Conclusion 275
CHAPTER XIV.
Pessimism.
I. Buddhism 276
(1) origin 276
(2) doctrine:
(1) Buddhism of Gotama 278
(2) Four Noble Truths 279
II. Schoppenhauer 285
(1) doctrine:
(a) sources, basis 283
(b) will the only reality 284
(c) value of life:
(a) a priori 285
(b) a posteriori. 286
(2) criticism:
(a) theory of knowledge false 287
(b) principle is false 287
III. Hartman 289
(1) doctrine:
(a) genesis, the unconscious, matter and mind 289
(b) Hedonism, value and goal of life 290
(2) criticism 291
IV. Influence 292
V. Causes 294
(1) Philosophical.
(2) Ethical.
(3) Religious.
CHAPTER XV.
Evil.
I. The Problem 297
(1) nature of evil.
(2) nature and kinds of good.
II. In the Material World 300
(1) Principle of finality 300
(2) ends, tendencies, final cause 303
(3) mutual fitnesses, existence of goodness fundamental and universal 305
III. In Human Life 307
(1) Theory of Hedonism:
(a) exposition. 308
(b) criticism 308
(2) Theory of Utilitariarism:
(a) exposition. 310
(b) Empirical, Intuitional and Evolutionary Ethics 311
(c) criticism 312
(3) Theory of Christian Philosophy 314
(a) in Animal Life: tendencies; pleasure and pain; animal and human pain 314
(b) in Human Life:
(1) good, and moral order 316
(2) nature of evil 317
(3) physical pain and moral evil 319
(4) pain in Human Life 319
IV. Conclusion 320
CHAPTER XVI.
Natural and Supernatural.
The Problem 322
I. Theory of Positivism
(a) teaching. 322
(b) supernatural.
(c) idea of humanity.
(d) criticism.
II. Theory of Pantheism 326
(a) teaching.
(b) defenders.
III. Theory of Dr. Bushnell 329
(a) teaching.
(b) criticism.
IV. Theory of Christian Philosophy 332
(a) natural.
(b) supernatural.
Conclusion 335
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| May 23, 2020 | Edited by CoverBot | Added new cover |
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