The execution of contractual agreements between two private parties is generally limited to the good faith enforcement of expressed contract rights and implied rights established by common law. However, a multitude of rules significantly affect the rights and responsibilities of all parties to a contract when one of those parties is the Government. Not only do these rules dictate the content of Government contract provisions, but they affect the application of common law in determining implied rights and responsibilities and the method of the Government's administration of the contract. This paper will strive to illustrate both the differences and similarities between private and military construction contracting. It will then more specifically compare important clauses in the U.S. Navy's General Provisions for construction contracts and the American Institute of Architects' most important construction contract document, the A201, General Conditions of the Contract for Construction. The two contract documents' assignment of rights and responsibilities to the owner, the contractor, and the architect, who is often a third party to the construction contract, will be discussed and evaluated. The goal will be for the reader to become more aware of opportunities and pitfalls for each party in relation to specific clauses, and to gain an appreciation for the difficulties experienced by contractors transitioning between private and military construction contracting.