The Synod of Jerusalem was holden, under the presidency of Dositheus, Patriarch of Jerusalem, in March of the year 1672, on the occasion of the rededication of the Basilica of the Nativity at Bethlehem -- from which circumstance it is sometimes called the Synod or Council of Bethlehem -- and there were present at it, in addition to the clergy of Palestine, several foreign ecclesiastics. It had for its object the condemnation of a work intituled, The Eastern Confession of the Christian Faith, published with the name of Cyril, formerly Patriarch of Constantinople, and maintaining many of the doctrines of the Calvinists. - Introduction.