This volume is the proceedings of the International Bladder Symposium held November 4-7, 1999, in Washington D.C., sponsored by the National Bladder Foundation and the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases. This volume will provide a forum for authoritative investigators who are actively involved in the various disciplines which define the leading edges of bladder research. The topics covered are divided into five sections: 1) Oncology and Cellular Biology, 2) New Frontiers and Therapies, 3) Inflammation and Infection, and 5) Muscle Matrix and Obstruction.