MARC Record from marc_columbia

LEADER: 04321mam a2200421 a 4500
001 1449581
005 20220602040303.0
008 930625s1994 cauab b 001 0 eng
010 $a 93024514
020 $a0804723249 (alk. paper) :$c$45.00 (est.)
020 $a0804721254 (acid-free paper) :
035 $a(OCoLC)ocm28414736
035 $9AHX0450CU
035 $a1449581
040 $aDLC$cDLC
050 00 $aHS310.Z6$bH8643 1994
082 00 $a366$220
100 1 $aMurray, Dian H.,$d1949-$0http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n86149647
245 14 $aThe origins of the Tiandihui :$bthe Chinese triads in legend and history /$cDian H. Murray, in collaboration with Qin Baoqi.
260 $aStanford, Calif. :$bStanford University Press,$c1994.
300 $aix, 350 pages :$billustrations, map ;$c24 cm
336 $atext$2rdacontent
337 $aunmediated$2rdamedia
338 $avolume$2rdacarrier
504 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [303]-338) and index.
505 0 $a1. Beginnings: The Eighteenth Century -- 2. Spread and Elaboration: The Nineteenth Century -- 3. The Tiandihui in Western Historiography -- 4. The Tiandihui in Chinese Historiography -- 5. The Tiandihui in Myth and Legend -- App. A. The Testimony of Key Tiandihui Offenders -- App. B. The Seven Chinese Versions of the Xi Lu Legend -- App. C. The Founding of Secret Societies, 1718-1850 -- App. D. Concordance for British Museum Documents Published by Xiao Yishan -- App. E. Tiandihui Oaths.
520 $aThe Tiandihui, also known as the Heaven and Earth Association or the Triads, was one of the earliest, largest, and most enduring of the Chinese secret societies that have played crucial roles at decisive junctures in modern Chinese history. These organizations were characterized by ceremonial rituals, often in the form of blood oaths, that brought people together for a common goal.
520 8 $aSome were organized for clandestine, criminal, or even seditious purposes by people alienated from or at the margins of society. Others were organized for mutual protection or the administration of local activities by law-abiding members of a given community.
520 8 $a.
520 8 $aThe common perception in the twentieth century, both in China and in the West, was that the Tiandihui was founded by Chinese patriots in the seventeenth century for the purpose of overthrowing the Qing (Manchu) dynasty and restoring the Ming (Chinese). This view was put forward by Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries who claimed that, like the anti-Manchu founders of the Tiandihui, their goal was to strip the Manchus of their throne.
520 8 $aThe Chinese Nationalists (Guomindang) today claim the Tiandihui as part of their heritage.
520 8 $aThis book relates a very different history of the origins of the Tiandihui. Using Qing dynasty archives that were made available in both Beijing and Taipei during the last decades, the author shows that the Tiandihui was founded not as a political movement but as a mutual aid brotherhood in 1761, a century after the date given by traditional historiography.
520 8 $aShe contends that histories depicting Ming loyalism as the raison d'etre of the Tiandihui are based on internally generated sources and, in part, on the "Xi Lu Legend," a creation myth that tells of monks from the Shaolin Monastery aiding the emperor in fighting the Xi Lu barbarians.
520 8 $aBecause of its importance to the theories of Ming loyalist scholars and its impact on Tiandihui historiography as a whole, the author thoroughly investigates the legend, revealing it to be the product of later - not founding - generations of Tiandihui members and a tale with an evolution of its own. The seven extant versions of the legend itself appear in English translation as an appendix.
520 8 $aThis book thus accomplishes three things: it reviews and analyzes the extensive Tiandihui literature; it makes available to Western scholars information from archival materials heretofore seen only by a few Chinese specialists; and it firmly establishes an authoritative chronology of the Tiandihui's early history.
610 20 $aHong men (Society)$xHistory.
700 1 $aQin, Baoqi.$0http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr90019775
852 00 $beal$hHS310.Z6$iH8643 1994