MARC record from Internet Archive

LEADER: 16819cam 2200517I 4500
001 ocm02159809
003 OCoLC
005 20190220162555.0
008 760505s1930 enk b 001 0 eng
010 $a 31002573
040 $aDLC$beng$cGUA$dGUA$dOCLCG$dSTF$dEYM$dOCLCF$dOCLCQ$dMXL$dOCLCO$dOCLCA$dDHA
019 $a51371447$a1017302153
035 $a(OCoLC)2159809$z(OCoLC)51371447$z(OCoLC)1017302153
050 00 $aBJ71$b.G6 1930
082 $a170.9
084 $a052
100 1 $aGore, Charles,$d1853-1932.
245 14 $aThe philosophy of the good life,$bbeing the Gifford lectures delivered in the University of St. Andrews, 1929-1930,$cby Charles Gore.
260 $aLondon,$bJ. Murray$c[1930]
300 $axiii, 346 pages$c23 cm
336 $atext$btxt$2rdacontent
337 $aunmediated$bn$2rdamedia
338 $avolume$bnc$2rdacarrier
504 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
530 $aAlso issued online.
505 0 $aChapter I. Introductory : 1. Examination of the testator's requirements ; 2. The special subject of these lectures the philosophy of the good life ; The preeminent importance of this department of philosophy because : 1) the high degree of practical certitude, experienced by those who are commonly recognized as "good" men, as to what is right and wrong, makes it a specially god field for studying the condition s of certitude, in a matter which does not fall under the heading of "sensible experience" ; 2) The subject of the good life is one which deeply concerns the ordinary man, who is apt to ignore what he calls "metaphysics" as an unpractical and useless study ; 3) The present unsettlement of mind on moral subjects demands, as in the age of Socrates or of the Chinese sages, a fresh effort to put the idea of the good life and its postulates and sanctions upon a rational basis. 3. The method of these lectures is to proceed first of all to a deliberate historical examination of the conception of the good life entertained and taught by the famous moral leaders of mankind: Zarathustra, the Buddha, Confucius, Muhammad, Socrates, Plato and the Stoics, the Jewish prophets and Jesus Christ ; 4. Justification of this prolonged preparatory survey by the preference which we ought to give to the a posteriori over the a priori method or principle in philosophy ; Philosophy a late-comer into human history ; The conflict of methods
505 0 $aChapter II. Zarathustra : 1 : The earliest teacher of the good life in detail and principle ; Sources of information ; The man and his background ; The story of his vocation. 2. The religious tradition which he inherited and his method of dealing with it ; 3. The teaching of Zarathustra in detail about God and about man and about the destiny of man and of the universe ; His practical monotheism ; The question of his dualism: of the divine attributes, etc.; The character of his religion and the causes of its failure to become popular ; 4. The light swallowed up again in darkness ; Later Zoroastrainism and Paraseeism ; The starting significance of Zarathustra
505 0 $aChapter III. Siddartha Gotama, the Buddha : 1. The post-Vedic development of religion and thought in India : 1) the doctrine of Karma ; 2) The speculative tendency ; 3) The tyranny of religion, itself non-moral ; The reaction of Buddhism. 2. The life of Siddartha Gotama : His discovery or secret ; His order; His missionary life ; His decease. 3. The doctrine of Buddha : Its central motive: the annihilation of desire and thereby of (individual) life ; His agnosticism in all other respects ; The noble eightfold path and the four noble truths. 4. The estimate of Buddhism : 1) In its full form an ideal on for the monks ; 2) The selfishness of the ultimate motive ; But ideal of love breaks through the logic of the system. 3) The lower aim for the layman ; All based of the idea of the essential evil of life. 5. The later history of Buddhism
505 0 $aChapter IV. The teachers of Asia : 1. Outside Buddhism we do not find in India any consistent ethical system ; The grounds of this in the indiscriminate comprehensiveness of Hinduism ; An analysis of the Bhagavadgita show its ethical incoherence and indeterminateness ; It would appear the India must look outside herself for a stable foundation for ethics. 2. The idea of "the heaven" and the principle of Tao: the way or the divine order; in China ; The Taoism of Lao-tze and the Confucianism of Confucius and Mencius reviewed ; That human conduct must correspond to the divine order the basis of the various systems. 3. The confusion of religious and ethical ideas in Japan ; 4. Moral aphorisms from Egypt ; 5. The ethical monotheism of Muhammad ; An offspring of Judaism, on a lower level than its parent, or than Christianity ; Its power over masses of men ; Its power as a world-wide brotherhood ; Mysticism within Islam ; Christianity to be preferred for consideration as the type of ethical monotheism
505 0 $aChapter V. Platonism : The debt of civilization to the ethics of Greece ; The non-moral tendency of the religion of the Olympic gods ; But the witness of the poets to justice as divine ; The moral crisis in Greek democracy ; The influence of the Sophists ; The effort to replace the moral tradition on a foundation of immutable principle : 1. "Socrates called philosophy down from heaven to earth" ; His assumption of the certainty of moral convictions ; His examination of popular ideas of the virtues ; The value of exact definitions: thereby virtue become a science ; How much of what is in Plato really due to Socrates? ; Socrates venerated as the Greek type of the saint. 2. Plato and the influences upon him: Socrates, Heracleitus, Pythagoras ; The eternal forms or principles ; The form of the good ; The "doctrine of ideas" never fixed in Plato ; His objection to have ascribed to him a system of philosophy ; His teachings about God, as personal ; His idea of the moral progress of the individual from childhood upwards ; The foundation of rationality in the right training of the emotions ; Platonic morality not ascetic nor mystical ; His doctrine of the sublimation of love ; Morality essentially social ; The city both state and church ; The ideal city-church in the Republic and the Laws ; A rigorous puritanism and autocratic conception of government belong to Plato's last phase ; The later influence of Plato on ethical conceptions ; The union of Platonism with Stoicism. 3. Zeno and Stoicism ; Morality is conformity with Nature or God ; The divine reason and the reason in man ; The victory over fear and morality individual ; But also the service of others ; The one "city of God" ; Zeno a preacher or prophet rather than a reasoning philosopher ; His doctrine of impressions as the basis of certitude ; Types of stoical teaching ; The hymn of Cleanthes, and the idea of the law of nature as divine and universal
505 0 $aChapter VI. Israel : 1. The positions here presented not affected by legitimate criticism ; The foundation must be laid in teacher of the prophets ; Their religion and morality a native growth, fundamentally unaffected by external influences does to the Captivity ; Not a product of intellectual speculation but of inspired intuition. 2. The limitation of Israel's genius to the one quest of true religion ; The meaning of the religion essentially ethical: the cultus reformed in that spirit ; The religion of the O.T. progressive ; The idea of development therein seized by the Greek Fathers ; But not an advance without retrogression. 3. The conception of the good life based upon the conception of God ; The principle "Be good and you will be prosperous" addressed to the nation as a whole ; A principle permanently true ; But found to be false in the experience of the individual ; The late development in Israel of the idea of the life beyond ; Based upon the belief : (1) In divine justice ; (2) In human fellowship with God ; (3) In the kingdom of God to come in which all faithful Israelites must share. A properly native growth ; The idea of the kingdom as destined to be realized first in Israel, then to become universal ; The later apocalyptic for of the hope. 4. The good life in detail ; Human freedom and responsibility ; Moral evil solely due to rebellion of free spirits ; The conception of a universal purpose through a chosen people ; The special requirement of mercy to the poor ; The horror of human insolence, begotten of wealth ; The discipline of lust ; The requirement of commercial imperfection of Israel under the old covenant illustrated by the ten commandments ; The ethical glory of Israel
505 0 $aChapter VII. Jesus the Christ : 1. The background on which Jesus appeared and His assumptions ; The method of the prophets ; The work of the forerunner ; The gospel of the kingdom in Galilee ; The welcome of Jesus and the rejection ; His determination to fashion a new Israel out of those who had ears to hear ; The mistake of the liberal protestant and the apocalyptic schools ; The merit of Ecce Homo ; Jesus the founder ; The rudimentary organization of the church. 2. The ideas on which the teaching of Jesus is based : Concerning God ; a message both old and new ; The character of God and the freedom and responsibility of man ; The equal worth of all souls ; The breaking down of the distinction between respectable and disreputable sins and between the worth of men and women ; The supremacy of God and the sinfulness of man ; Sin lies only in the will ; The call to correspondence. Jesus not "mystical" nor "ascetic" ; His teaching about prayer. 3. The meaning of the two commandments ; The life of correspondence ; The true and false other-worldliness. 4. The severity of Jesus's claim on man ; In one respect we discern an "interim ethic", but, granted this, the permanent claim is as tremendous as the thing offered is glorious ; The new Israel a theocracy rather than a democracy, and (in respect of the world) an aristocracy. 5. The originality of Jesus shown in method and principle rather than in the details of ethical requirement ; Also, most of all, in the motives and spiritual forces offered for living the good life ; The gospel, as it went out into the world seen in the Acts and the epistles ; The epistles earlier than the gospels ; The church first of all a society for living the good life of brotherhood and sonship in the name of Jesus
505 0 $aChapter VIII. Reflection upon the historical survey : 1. The agreement of Zarathustra and the prophets of Israel ; Muhammadanism a lower of the same world-view ; The highest form of ethical monotheism found in Christianity: which may be taken as the supreme type ; On the other hand, the agreement between the Chinese sages and the Greeks as to an eternal and divine law and authority ; "Platonism" the type of this ethical idealism ; The convergence of both these two classes of teachers and the vastness and dignity of the moral experience based upon their teaching. 2. The isolation of India, and the grounds of this isolation ; The teaching of the Buddha based on the idea of life as an evil ; He cannot therefore be ranked among the teachers of the good life ; The transitoriness of real Buddhism. 3. The story of ethical development ; The trinity of values, goodness, beauty, truth. 4. All the authorities so far considered ancient: but the two types; Christianity and Platonism; not antiquated ; The current rebellion against the moral standard of Christianity : (a) Not always rebellion against Christ ; (b) Where it is so, not successful in proposing a new standard. The original alliance of Christianity and Platonism ; The vitality of each and of the alliance between them ; Against this must be set the emotionalism of J. J. Rousseau and of his more recent followers ; The ideal of "self-expression" ; The radical mistake involved. 5. Our duty therefore to examine the postulates of Platonism and also the further postulates of Christianity : The examination new undertaken limited in part by reference to recent authorities: in part by indicating the essential coherence of questions which appear at first sight distinct ; The questions to which the our remaining lectures will be devoted are : (a) The conception of God as personal and as the absolute creator of all that is : Is this conception as compared with that of "ethical idealism" rationally justifiable?. ; (b) The rationality of the Christian interpretation of moral evil: and of its optimism ; (c) The rationality of the idea of a gradual self-revelation of God, culminating in Jesus Christ ; What is the proper appeal of "Christian evidences" to the reason of man?. (d) What is the meaning and justification of "rational faith"?
505 0 $aChapter IX. The Christian idea of God : 1. The practical value of the conception of God as personal admitted, but the question of its rationality remains urgent ; 2. The necessity of ascribing personality to God ; 3. The transcendence, self-completeness, and unity of God as against pantheistic monism, pluralism, and dualism ; The argument from design in what sense still valid. 4. The weakness of the idea of emergent evolution ; 5. God the creator ; The argument from epistemology. 6. The impossibility of mere Unitarianism ; The conception of trinity in unity
505 0 $aChapter X. The Christian idea of human nature : 1. The sense of responsibility ("I ought") an ultimate fact or irreducible datum ; All "values" (truth and beauty) involve some similar imperative. 2. Responsibility involves freedom of choice ; The strict limitation of moral freedom ; Its essence lying in the choice of motive ; Science tends to surrender on the question of possibility ; Absolute predestinarianism vanishes from Christian doctrine ; The ambiguity in the word "freedom". 3. The implication of freedom; freedom to sin ; The universal reign of sin : Various explanations ; The Christian explanation ; The world as we know it in rebellion against God and presents a parody of the divine intention ; The idea of divine redemption and of this life as a state of probation and a stage of preparation ; Christian sympathy with pessimism but fundamental and ultimate optimism. 4. The variations in moral standards among men
505 0 $aChapter XI. The idea of revelation : 1. The unanimity of the prophets in believing themselves recipients of "as word of God" : Zarathustra ; Muhammad ; Greeks ; Prophets of Israel ; Jesus Christ. Acceptance of their authority by a larger world. 2. What is implied is direct accessibility of the soul of man to the "voice" of God ; Criticism of Dr. Tennant ; The deeply augmented moral power of the responsive soul ; The recognition of conscience as "the daughter of the voice of God". 3. The emphasis of Otto and Barth on the "otherness" of God requires balancing by the consideration of His immanence ; The synthesis : of the supernatural and the natural ; of grace and nature ; of revelation and natural theology. The absence of any generally recognized synthesis today and the prospect of recovery. 4. Can psychology disprove the reality of divine revelation by a theory of pure subjectivism? ; Reasons for a negative answer. 5. The current rejection of the idea of revelation as involving : (1) The admission of miracles ; (2) A Jewish particularism ; (3) The finality of Christ. The claim restated
505 0 $aChapter XII. Rational faith : 1. The argument from the effectiveness of faith not enough ; 2. But the demand of the older rationalism for absolute proof not really rational ; Dr. Tennant's reassertion in substance of Butler's doctrine of probability ; The function of faith in all knowledge ; The special function of faith in the moral life ; The claim of Jesus on faith. 3. The reaction against rationalism ; 4. The necessary ignorance of man ; Its recognition by St. Paul, by modern science and philosophy ; The spirit of intellectual humility ; Application of this question : (1) Of the absolute fore-knowledge of God and the relation of the time-process to eternity ; (2) Of the problem of pain. The reasonable question "what is" rather than "why is it not otherwise" ; The right sort of agnosticism ; The relativity and abstractness of human knowledge. 5. Examination of the skepticism of Henry Sidgwick ; restatement of the idea of a rational faith.
650 0 $aEthics.
650 0 $aChristian ethics.
650 7 $aChristian ethics.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00859107
650 7 $aEthics.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00915833
776 08 $iOnline version:$aGore, Charles, 1853-1932.$tPhilosophy of the good life.$dLondon, J. Murray [1930]$w(OCoLC)609201810
029 1 $aAU@$b000026041591
029 1 $aNZ1$b12724896
994 $aZ0$bP4A
948 $hNO HOLDINGS IN P4A - 208 OTHER HOLDINGS