MARC Record from harvard_bibliographic_metadata

LEADER: 03648cam a22004094a 4500
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008 060306s2006 mau b 001 0 eng
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016 7 $a013536704$2Uk
020 $a0262112973 (alk. paper)
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043 $ae------$an-us---
050 00 $aQ127.E8$bK75 2006
082 00 $a509.4/09045$222
100 1 $aKrige, John.
245 10 $aAmerican hegemony and the postwar reconstruction of science in Europe /$cJohn Krige.
260 $aCambridge, Mass. :$bMIT Press,$cc2006.
300 $aviii, 376 p. ;$c24 cm.
490 1 $aTransformations
504 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [343]-363) and index.
505 0 $aBasic science and the coproduction of American hegemony -- Science and the Marshall plan -- The place of CERN in U.S. science and foreign policy -- The Rockefeller Foundation in postwar France : the grant to the CNRS -- The Rockefeller Foundation confronts communism in Europe and anti-communism at home : the case of Boris Ephrussi -- The Ford Foundation, physics, and the intellectural cold war in Europe -- Providing "trained manpower for freedom" : NATO, the Ford Foundation, and MIT -- "Carrying American ideas to the unconverted" : Philip Morse's promotion of operations research in NATO -- Concluding relfections : hegemony and "Americanization."
520 8 $aAnnotation$bIn 1945, the United States was not only the strongest economic and military power inthe world; it was also the world's leader in science and technology. In American Hegemony and thePostwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe, John Krige describes the efforts of influential figuresin the United States to model postwar scientific practices and institutions in Western Europe onthose in America. They mobilized political and financial support to promote not just America'sscientific and technological agendas in Western Europe but its Cold War political and ideologicalagendas as well.Drawing on the work of diplomatic and cultural historians, Krige argues that thisattempt at scientific dominance by the United States can be seen as a form of "consensual hegemony,"involving the collaboration of influential local elites who shared American values. He uses thisnotion to analyze a series of case studies that describe how the U.S. administration, seniorofficers in the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations, the NATO Science Committee, and influentialmembers of the scientific establishment--notably Isidor I. Rabi of Columbia University and VannevarBush of MIT--tried to Americanize scientific practices in such fields as physics, molecular biology,and operations research. He details U.S. support for institutions including CERN, the Niels BohrInstitute, the French CNRS and its laboratories at Gif near Paris, and the never-established"European MIT." Krige's study shows how consensual hegemony in science not only served the interestsof postwar European reconstruction but became another way of maintaining American leadership and"making the world safe for democracy."
650 0 $aScience$zEurope$xHistory$y20th century.
650 0 $aTechnology$zEurope$xHistory$y20th century.
651 0 $aUnited States$xForeign relations$zEurope.
651 0 $aEurope$xForeign relations$zUnited States.
651 0 $aUnited States$xForeign relations$y20th century.
651 0 $aEurope$xForeign relations$y1945-
655 7 $aHistory.$2fast
830 0 $aTransformations (M.I.T. Press)
988 $a20060321
906 $0DLC