In mid-July 1919, at Casa Brandes, a shop located in the central street of Espaderos (Lima), an exhibition was held that would change the course of Peruvian art of the 20th century. Its title was "Impresiones de Ccoscco" (Impressions of Ccoscco) and consisted of paintings, drawings and cartoons made by a young artist born in Cajamarca in 1888, and who returned to Lima after having spent a season in Europe and having lived in the cities of Jujuy (Argentina), and in Cusco. With this exhibition, which highlighted portraits of young Creole, mestizo, and indigenous Cusqueño characters and landscapes with pre-Hispanic architecture, José Sabogal inaugurated a new era in the history of Peruvian art. His work would eventually break with the pricey and academic charges of the 19th century Lima, and highlight that deep, indigenous, mestizo and popular country that began to peek into the political and social discourses of the early 20th century. "In this book, Fernando Villegas analyses the work, at the Institute of Peruvian Art, by José Sabogal (Cajabamba, 1888 - Lima, 1956) and his disciples, who were guided by the conviction that true Peruvian art was that of popular and mestizo roots, which had come with verve to the present day after crossing the pre-Hispanic and colonial periods, and that it had fed on all those journeys of its many contexts ... Dr. Rodrigo Gutiérrez Viñuales".