CONTENTS Prefaces, v, xxv. Letters, ix. Press Notices, xviii. Contents, xxix. Biographical Index, xxxvi. BOOK I. INTRODUCTION. THE EARLY CATHOLIC DISCOVERIES — COLUMBUS AND HIS SUCCESSORS. Our Centennial — Poetry — Catholicity no Stranger in the New World — Found Everywhere — Its Present Numbers — Bird's-eye View of Europe in the Fifteenth Century — Protestantism Unknown — Catholic Progress — Columbus — The Mysterious Atlantic — The Lofty Motives of America's Discoverer — His Difficulties — The Discovery Due to a Lady, a Mariner, and a Monk — The Voyage — The first Hymns heard on the Atlantic — San Salvador — Homeward Bound — A TempeSt. and a Vow — The Great Admiral safely home — Rejoicing, and Grand Reception by the Spanish Sovereigns — The Catholic Successors of Columbus — The Cabots — Ojeda — Ponce de Leon — Balboa — Magellan — Cartier — De Soto — Champlain — Marquette — La Salle 1 CHAPTER I. THE INDIANS AND THEIR APOSTLES. The Wild Scenes of Four Centuries Ago — The Indians — The Various Tribes, Languages, and Customs — The Lord's Prayer in four Indian Languages — How they made War and Built Fortresses — Indian Government and Religion — The Apostles of the Indians — How the Spaniards established their Missions — The English — The French — How the French Jesuits Lived — Missionary Difficulties and Heroism — Winter Trials of the Blackrobe — Magic — The Shadows of Indian Life — The Priests suspected of being Conjurors — Oddity of the Indian Mind — Character of the Red Men and their Apostles 31 CHAPTER II. THE EARLY INDIAN MISSIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. A.D. 1528 — 1776. The Mysterious Ways of God — Columbus — The first Catholic Church in America — Many Millions of Converts — Las Casas — The Spanish Missions, Florida, New Mexico, Texas, California — The English Missions, Maryland — The French Missions, Maine, New York — Vermont — Wisconsin and Michigan — The Mississippi Valley — Catholicity and the Indian — A Comparison — Something to Ponder. 99 CHAPTER III. THE COLONIAL CHURCH — MARYLAND, "THE LAND OF THE SANCTUARY." (1634 — 1775.) The Church on a Thorny Road — The Mother of Bigots — Lord Baltimore and his Colony — The Landing — A "Cross in the Wilderness" — Liberty — Warmed Vipers — Catholic Liberality and Protestant Intolerance — The Maryland Penal Code — Pennsylvanian — New York — New England — Summary and Conclusion 188 BOOK II. CHAPTER I. THE CATHOLICS AND THE REVOLUTION. (A.D. 1775-'83.) Battling for Freedom — Catholic Conciliation as a Policy — Charles Carroll — "The Lexington of the Seas" fought by a Catholic — Commodore Perry, the "Father of the American Navy" — Rev. Dr. Carroll as a Patriot-Gen. Moylan — Generosity of Catholic Merchants — Washington's Life-Guard — Catholic Ireland — Catholic France Aiding us on Land and Sea — Generous Catholic Spain — Catholic Poland — The "faint-praise" School of Writers — The Death of Tyranny — A New Star arises 188 CHAPTER II. RELIGIOUS FREEDOM — ITS RISE AND PROGRESS IN THE UNITED STATES. Great Changes are the work of Time — The Dawn of Freedom — The first Tocsin Note of Religious Liberty — The first Amendment to the Constitution due to Catholics — Bishop Carroll's narrative — Unextinguished Intolerance — Various States where Catholics were long Excluded from Office — New Hampshire — Catholicity the Mother of Freedom — Religious Bigotry in America due to the Persecuting Power of England 178 CHAPTER III. THE CHURCH IN THE YOUNG REPUBLIC. (A.D. 1776 — 1790.) The English Vicar- Apostolic — Dr. Carroll's Opinion — The New Prefect Apostolic — Dr. Franklin and Rev. Dr. Carroll — An Item from Dr. Franklin's Diary — The Te Deum at Philadelphia — Washington at Mass — New York City — John Jay an exquisite Bigot — The laSt. specimen of English Tyranny in our Country — Mass on a top floor — Roving Priests and obstiuate Laymen — Boston — Washington and the Pope's effigy burners — Catholic France melting the ice of Bigotry — Only thirty Catholics in Boston at the close of the Revolution — Rev. John Thayer becomes a Catholic — The first Bishop of the United States — His Consecration — first sermon in Baltimore- -Catholic statistics — Archbishop Carroll and President Washington compared. 191 CHAPTER IV. FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE DIOCESE OF BALTIMORE TO THE DEATH OF ARCHBISHOP CARROLL. (A.D. 1790 — 1815.) Truth battling for her Children — A spiritual Hannibal — Synod of Baltimore — The French Revolution — first Mass in Charleston, S. C. — The Church in Kentucky — The young Prince-PrieSt. — Mysterious Events in Virginia — The Apostle of the Alleghanies — The brave Captain McGuire — A Forest Journey — The first midnight Mass in the Alleghanies — The first Church in Boston — Pioneers of the Faith — Dark Pictures and Lively Letters — Immigration — Four new Sees — Rebellious Children of the Church — The Seal of Confession — Dedication of St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York — Other Events — Death of Archbishop Carroll 202 CHAPTER V. FROM THE DEATH OF ARCHBISHOP CARROLL TO THE ELEVATION OF NEW YORK, CINCINNATI, AND NEW ORLEANS TO THE RANK OF METROPOLITAN SEES. (A.D. 1815 — 1850.) Archbishops Neale and Marshal — A Miraculous Cure — The first Provincial Council of Baltimore — Drs. Whitfield and Eccleston — Succeeding Connells — Pius IX. — Letter inviting him to America — The Church in Pennsylvania — Scandals — Troubles — Progress — Dr. Kenrick — Church Burning — "Nativism" — The Church in New York — Dr. Connolly — Difficulties — Conversions — Irish Immigration — Dr. Dubois — Dr. Hughes — The Church in New England — Drs. Cheverus and Fenwick — The Boston Mob destroys a Convent — Progress — Anecdotes — The Church in the Southern States — In the Western States — Dr. Fenwick — Dr. Purcell — State of the Church in 1850 282 CHAPTER VI. FROM THE FIRST PLENARY COUNCIL OF BALTIMORE TO THE CREATION OF THE FIRST AMERICAN CARDINAL, AND THE CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE. (1850 — 52 TO 1876.) A Stirring Quarter of a Century — Death of Dr. Eccleston — Dr. Kenrick — The first Plenary Council — Bishop Ives becomes a Catholic — San Francisco — New Dioceses — Origin of Know-Nothingism — The Papal Nuncio — Italian and German Refugees — Scoundrelism Rampant — A Fierce Collision — Fanaticism Revived — Mad Preachers — The "Angel Gabriel" — Mob Role and Church Burnings — Father Bapst Tarred and Feathered — Father Vetromile's Adventure — Growth of Catholicity — The Civil War — Catholic Charity and Heroism — Death of Doctors Kenrick and Hughes — Peace — The Second Plenary Council — New Dioceses — The Council of the Vatican — Death of Dr. Spalding — The first American Cardinal — Statistics of Progress 300 BOOK III. THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS OF THE UNTIED STATES. CHAPTER I. THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS OF MEN. Introductory Remarks — The Franciscans — Dominicans — Jesuits — Augustinians — Sulpitians — Trappists — Lazarists — Redemptorists — Congregation of the Holy Cross — Fathers of Mercy — Congregation of the Most Precious Blood — Benedictines — Christian Brothers — Missionary Oblates — Brothers of Mary — Passionists — Xaverian Brothers — Paulist Fathers — Table of Statistics 349 CHAPTER II. THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS OF WOMEN. Introductory — The Ursulines — Carmelite Nuns — Visitation Nuns — Sisters of Charity — Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul — Sisters of Loretto — Sisters of Charity of Nazareth — Ladles of the Sacred Heart- Sisters of St. Joseph — Sisters of Providence — Sisters of Notre Dame — Sisters of the Holy Cross — Sisters of Mercy — Sisters of the Good Shepherd — School Sisters of Notre Dame — Presentation Nuns — The Little Sisters of the Poor — Table of Statistics 393 BOOK IV. CATHOLIC EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES. CHAPTER I. THE CATHOLIC COMMON SCHOOLS. Catholicity and True Education — What Judge Dunne says — History of our Catholic Schools — Chief -Justice Taney's account of Early Catholic Education — The Councils and Catholic Schools — The Religious Orders — Statistics — Glance at the interior of an American Catholic School 435 CHAPTER II. THE QUESTION OF QUESTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. The Solution of a Great Problem — The Public Schools and Religion — Danger to the Faith of the Catholic child — A Cruel Grievance — An Example — Freedom of Education a Right — Educational Despots — The Growth of Corruption — Danger of Knowledge without Religion — Religion and Refinement — Germany and Instructed Boors — A Sophism answered — What Catholics Ask — How to get it. 438 CHAPTER III. THE CATHOLIC FEMALE ACADEMIES. Historical Sketch — Pioneer Educators — Alice Lalor — The Ursulines — Mother Seton — The Ladies of the Sacred Heart — Other Orders — Superiority of Convent Education — Sketches — The Georgetown Academy — Emmittsburg Academy — St. Mary's of the Woods — Manhattanville Academy — Mount St. Vincent — St. Mary's Institute — Others — Table of Statistics. 440 CHAPTER IV. THE CATHOLIC COLLEGES. Catholicity and Learning — The Christian Schools of the EaSt. — The Great Monastic Schools — Ireland — Great Britain — The Course of Studies in these Schools — The Rise of the Universities — Founded by the Catholic Church — Catholic Students and Professors — Bologna, Padua, Oxford, and Paris — What constituted a University — The Degrees — Piety — Rise of Catholic Colleges in America — The Penal Laws — Historical Sketch — Georgetown College — Mount St. Mary's College — St. Louis University — St. Joseph's College — St. Xavier's College — St. John's College- University of Notre Dame — Villanova College — College of St. Francis Xavier — Santa Clara College — Manhattan College — Seton Hill College — Rock Hill College — La Salle College 448 CHAPTER V. THE CATHOLIC ECCLESIASTICAL SEMINARIES. The Council of Trent and Seminaries — Historica. Sketch — Seminary of St. Sulplce — Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo — St. Vincent's Seminary — Mount St. Mary's of the West — Seminary of Our Lady of Angels — St. Joseph's Seminary 468 CHAPTER VI. EDUCATIONAL REFORMS, AND THE COMING CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY. Defects of our Elementary Schools — Female Academies — The Colleges — Dr. Brownson's Opinion — More Thorough Study of Philosophy, History, and Religion necessary — Balmes' "European Civilization" — Wanted an English Text-Book on Philosophy — American Culture — Small Colleges — The Coming Catholic University — Why it is Wanted 471 BOOK V. CHAPTER I. THE CATHOLIC LITERATURE OF THE UNITED STATES. Catholicity the Guardian of Letters — The Fathers of the Church — The Monks — The Church and Poetry — The first Hymn of Christianity — Others — Literature and Truth — English History an Engine of Calumny — Corbett's Saying — Literature and its Divisions — The Missionary Period — Various early Works — An early Catholic Poem — Thayer — Carroll — De Crevecceur — Robin — Carey 483 CHAPTER II. AMERICAN CATHOLIC LITERATURE DURING THE first HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. (A.D. 1800 TO 1850.) Historical Writers — Caiy — Pise — Fredet — McSheny — Biographical Writers — Campbell — Brent — Mooney — Botta — Poets — Shea — Cannon — Mrs. Seton — Walsh — Religion — Gallitzin — England — Kohlman 493 CHAPTER III. AMERICAN CATHOLIC LITERATURE FROM 1850 TO 1876. History — Biography — Fiction — Religion — Travels — Essays and Reviews — Poetry 500 CHAPTER IV. CATHOLIC ART, SCIENCE, AND PHILOSOPHY IN THE UNITED STATES. Catholicity the Mother of Art, Science, and Philosophy — A Glance at the Past — England — Early Hostility of Protestantism to Science and Learning — Italy — Catholic Science in the New World — The Catholic Missionaries as Scientists and Philologists — Kenrick's Theology — Law — Other Scientific Writers — Catholic Art in America — Oratory — Philosophy — Can Science conflict with Catholicity? — The United States and Higher Science — A Catholic University needed. 534 CHAPTER V. CATHOLIC JOURNALISM IN THE UNITED STATES. Introductory — The Weekly Catholic Press — The Magazines — The Quarterlies — The Ago of Journalism — Good and Bad Papers — Some Newspaper Defects — The Catholic Editor — Table of Catholic Journals 548 CHAPTER VI. THE CATHOLIC PUBLISHERS OF THE UNITED STATES. Catholics and Printing — American Catholic Publishers of Philadelphia — New York — Baltimore — Boston — Concluding Remarks 557 BOOK VI. CHAPTER I. "MULTUM IN PARVO." The Catholic Irish in America — Ireland's Mission — The Church Builders of America — Deep Convictions — Examples — Love of Holy Ireland — St. Thomas Aquinas — Testimony of McGee and Dr. White — The Catholic Germans — French — Spaniards — English — Indians — Negroes — Catholic Charity 665 CHAPTER II. THE LOSSES, GAINS, AND HOPES OF CATHOLICITY IN THE UNITED STATES. The Losses of Catholicity — Before the Revolution — During the first Half Century of this Republic's Existence — During the second Half Century — The Gains — A Powerful Organization — The Hopes — The Future of Catholicity in the Land of Washington and Carroll 579 Catholic Chronology of the United States, 605 Appendix, 609 Digitized by Google.

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