CONTENTS. BOOK FIRST. OF THE POPE IN HIS RELATIONS WITH THE CATHOLIC CHURCH. CHAPTER I. Infallibility 1 CHAPTER II. Councils 9 CHAPTER III. Definition and authority of Councils 11 CHAPTER IV. Analogies derived from temporal power 17 CHAPTER V. Digression on what is termed the youth of nations 21 CHAPTER VI. Supremacy of the Sovereign Pontiff recognized in every age. Catholic testimonies of the Churches of the West and of the East 24 CHAPTER VII. Striking testimonies of the Gallican Church 34 CHAPTER VIII. Jansenist evidence. Text from Pascal and reflections on the weight of certain authorities 36 CHAPTER IX. Protestant evidences 39 CHAPTER X. Testimonies of the Russian Church, and through it of the Greek dissenting Church 45 CHAPTER XI. On certain texts of Bossuet 55 CHAPTER XII. Of the Council of Constantia 63 CHAPTER XIII. Of Canons in general, and appeal to their authority 67 CHAPTER XIV. Examination of a particular difficulty raised against the decisions of the Popes 71 CHAPTER XV. Infallibility de facto 76 CHAPTER XVI. Answer to some objections 96 CHAPTER XVII. Of infallibility in the philosophical system 100 CHAPTER XVIII. No danger in the consequence of a recognized supremacy 101 CHAPTER XIX. The same subject continued ; further explanations in regard to Infallibility 106 CHAPTER XX. Observations on discipline concluded: Digression on the Latin language 109 BOOK SECOND. THE POPE IN HIS EELATIONS WITH TEMPORAL SOVEREIGNTIES. CHAPTER I. A few words on Sovereignty 115 CHAPTER II. Inconveniences of Sovereignty 116 CHAPTER III. Ideas of antiquity on the great problem 121 CHAPTER IV. Further considerations on the same subject 125 CHAPTER V. Distinguishing characteristic of the power exercised by the Popes 128 CHAPTER VI. Temporal power of the Popes — Wars which they have sustained as temporal princes 132 CHAPTER VII. Objects the Popes had in view in their contests with sovereign princes 149 CHAPTER VIII. The nature of the power exercised by the Popes 172 CHAPTER IX. Justification of the Pontifical Power 175 CHAPTER X. Exercise of the Pope’s supremacy over temporal sovereigns 185 CHAPTER XI. Hypothetical application of the preceding principles 193 CHAPTER XII. On the wars alleged to have arisen from the shock of the two powers 197 CHAPTER XIII. Continuation of the same subject — Reflections on the wars 210 CHAPTER XIV. The Bull of Alexander VI., “intereastern" 215 CHAPTER XV. The Bull “In coend Domini” 217 CHAPTER XVI. Digression on ecclesiastical jurisdiction 220 BOOK THIRD. THE POPE IN HIS RELATIONS WITH CIVILIZATION AND THE HAPPINESS OF NATIONS. CHAPTER I. Missions 224 CHAPTER II. Civil liberty of mankind 237 CHAPTER III. Institution of the Priesthood — Celibacy of Priests 245 CHAPTER IV. Founding of European Monarchy 273 CHAPTER V. How long princes commonly live — Secret alliance of Religion and of Sovereignty 281 CHAPTER VI. Observations on Russia 286 CHAPTER VII. Further particular considerations on the Eastern Empire 290 CHAPTER VIII. Recapitulation and conclusion of Book Third 295 BOOK FOURTH. THE POPE IN HIS RELATIONS WITH THE CHURCHES CALLED SCHISMATICAL. CHAPTER I. Every schismatical Church is Protestant — Affinity of the two systems — Testimony of the Russian Church 300 CHAPTER II. Pretended invariability of dogma in the separated Churches in the twelfth century 304 CHAPTER III. Further considerations arising from the position of the Photian churches; particular remarks on the Anglican and Russian sects 307 CHAPTER IV. On the designation of Photian applied to the schismatical churches 310 CHAPTER V. Impossibility of giving to the separated churches a name expressive of unity. — Principles of the whole discussion, and predilection of the author 314 CHAPTER VI. False Reasonings of the separated churches ; reflections on national and religious prejudices 322 CHAPTER VII. Of Greece and its character. — Arts, sciences, and military power 325 CHAPTER VIII. The same subject continued. — Moral character of the Greeks. Their hatred to the people of the West 331 CHAPTER IX. A particular trait of the Greek character. — Spirit of division 334 CHAPTER X. A Photian paralogism cleared up. — Advantage pretended to be derived by the Photian churches from priority in chronological order 336 CHAPTER XI. What must be expected of the Greeks 341 Conclusion of the Book. Digitized by Google

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