{"first_publish_date": "1995", "dewey_number": ["344.73/0798", "347.304798"], "title": "Forced justice", "covers": [1125086], "first_sentence": {"type": "/type/text", "value": "Between the landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954 and Supreme Court decisions in 1991 and 1992, civil rights laws and policies, especially those affecting schools, have undergone dramatic transformations and fluctuations."}, "subject_places": ["United States"], "lc_classifications": ["KF4155 .A87 1995"], "key": "/works/OL2650426W", "authors": [{"type": {"key": "/type/author_role"}, "author": {"key": "/authors/OL386483A"}}], "excerpts": [{"excerpt": {"type": "/type/text", "value": "Between the landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954 and Supreme Court decisions in 1991 and 1992, civil rights laws and policies, especially those affecting schools, have undergone dramatic transformations and fluctuations."}, "page": "First sentence"}], "type": {"key": "/type/work"}, "subjects": ["Segregation in education", "Law and legislation", "Segregation in education, law and legislation", "Busing for school integration", "School integration"], "description": {"type": "/type/text", "value": "In Forced Justice, David J. Armor explores the benefits and drawbacks of voluntary and involuntary desegregation plans, especially those in communities with \"magnet\" schools. He finds that voluntary plans, which let parents decide which school program is best for their children, are just as effective in attaining long-term desegregation as mandatory busing, and that these plans generate far greater community support. Armor concludes by proposing a new policy of \"equity\" choice, which draws upon the best features of both the desegregation and choice movements. This policy promises both improved desegregation and greater educational choices for all, especially for the disadvantaged minority children in urban systems who now have the fewest educational choices.\n\nThe debate over desegregation policy and its many consequences needs to move beyond academic journals and courtrooms to a larger audience. In addition to educators and policymakers, Forced Justice will be an important book for social scientists, attorneys and specialists in civil rights issues, and all persons concerned about the state of public education."}, "latest_revision": 5, "revision": 5, "created": {"type": "/type/datetime", "value": "2009-12-10T00:09:30.522627"}, "last_modified": {"type": "/type/datetime", "value": "2025-04-18T01:36:31.191257"}}