|
Preface |
xi |
| 1 |
The Problem |
1 |
| I |
Introduction |
1 |
| II |
Class Nominalism |
8 |
| III |
Theories |
14 |
| IV |
Methodology |
18 |
| 2 |
Primitive Natural Classes |
21 |
| I |
How Is It Determined that a Class is Natural? |
21 |
| II |
Degrees of Naturalness |
23 |
| III |
The Coextension Problem |
25 |
| IV |
Wolterstorff's Argument from the Identity Conditions of Classes |
27 |
| V |
Types Determine Classes, Not Classes Types |
27 |
| VI |
The Causal Argument |
28 |
| VII |
The Problem About Relations |
29 |
| VIII |
Higher-Order Types |
32 |
| IX |
The Appartatus of the Natural Class Theory |
36 |
| 3 |
Resemblance Nominalism |
39 |
| I |
Properties of Resemblance |
39 |
| II |
That Resemblance Is an Internal Relation and the Consequences of This |
43 |
| III |
Constructing a Resemblance Class |
47 |
| IV |
Identity Conditions for Classes Are No Problem |
48 |
| V |
Does Resemblance Determine Type? |
49 |
| VI |
The Causal Argument |
49 |
| VII |
The Coextension Problem Again |
50 |
| VIII |
Relations |
51 |
| IX |
Higher-Order Types |
52 |
| X |
The Resemblance Regress |
53 |
| XI |
The Apparatus of the Resemblance Theory |
57 |
| 4 |
Particulars as Bundles of Universals |
59 |
| I |
Substance-Attribute Versus Bundle Theories |
59 |
| II |
The Identity of Indiscernibles |
64 |
| III |
Problems of Constructing the Bundle |
70 |
| IV |
A Further Problem with Compresence |
72 |
| V |
Can Universals Be the Substance of the World? |
73 |
| 5 |
Universals as Attributes |
75 |
| I |
Uninstantiated Universals? |
75 |
| II |
Disjunctive, Negative, and Conjunctive Universals |
82 |
| III |
Predicates and Universals |
84 |
| IV |
States of Affairs |
88 |
| V |
A World of States of Affairs? |
93 |
| VI |
The Thin and the Thick Particular |
94 |
| VII |
Universals as Ways |
96 |
| VIII |
Multiple Location |
98 |
| IX |
Higher-Order Types |
99 |
| X |
The Formal Properties of Resemblance |
102 |
| XI |
Resemblance Between Universals |
103 |
| XII |
The Fundamental Tie |
108 |
| XIII |
The Apparatus of an Attribute Theory of Universals |
111 |
| 6 |
Tropes |
113 |
| I |
Substances Versus Bundles |
113 |
| II |
States of Affairs Again |
116 |
| III |
Tropes and the Problem of Universals |
119 |
| IV |
Tropes as Substitutes for Univerals |
121 |
| V |
A Trope Substitute for the Resemblance of Universals |
122 |
| VI |
Trope Nominalism Versus "Regular" Nominalism |
125 |
| VII |
Bundles Versus Substance-Attribute Again |
127 |
| VIII |
Natural Classes of Tropes Versus Resemblances |
128 |
| IX |
Swapping of Tropes |
131 |
| X |
Tropes with Universals |
132 |
| 7 |
Summing Up |
135 |
|
References |
141 |
|
Index |
145 |