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Basic notions of logic |
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Background |
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Why study logic? |
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Sentences, truth-values, and arguments |
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Deductive validity and soundness |
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Inductive arguments |
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Logical consistency, truth, falsity, and equivalence |
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Special cases of validity |
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Sentential logic : symbolization and syntax |
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Symbolization and truth-functional connectives |
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Syntax complex symbolizations |
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Non-truth-functional connectives |
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The syntax of SL |
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Sentential logic : semantics |
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Truth-value assignments and truth-tables for sentences |
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Truth-functional truth, falsity, and indeterminacy |
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Truth-functional equivalence |
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Truth-functional consistency |
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Truth-functional entailment and truth-functional validity |
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Truth-functional properties and truth-functional consistency |
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Sentential logic : truth-trees |
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The truth-tree method |
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Truth-tree rules for sentences containing |
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Rules for sentences containing and more complex truth-trees |
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Using truth-trees to test for truth-functional truth, falsity, and indeterminacy |
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Truth-functional equivalence |
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Truth-functional entailment and truth-functional validity |
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Sentential logic : derivations |
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The derivation system SD |
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Basic concepts of SD |
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Strategies for constructing derivations in SD |
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The derivation system SD1 |
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Sentential logic : metatheory |
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Mathematical induction |
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Truth-functional completeness |
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The soundness of SD and SD1 |
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The completeness of SD and SD1 |
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Predicate logic : symbolization and syntax |
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The limitations of SL |
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Predicates, individual constants, and quantity terms of English |
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Introduction to PL |
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Quantifiers introduced |
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The formal syntax of PL |
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A, E, I, O, U and O sentences |
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Symbolization techniques |
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Multiple quantifiers with overlapping scope |
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Identity, definite descriptions, properties of relations, and functions |
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Predicate logic : semantics |
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Informal semantics for PL |
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Quantificational truth, falsehood, and indeterminacy |
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Quantificational equivalence and consistency |
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Quantificational entailment and validity |
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Truth-functional expansions |
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Semantics for predicate logic with identity and functors |
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Formal semantics of PL and PLE |
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Predicate logic : truth-trees |
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Expanding the rules for truth-trees |
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Truth-trees and quantificational consistency |
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Truth-trees and other semantic properties |
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Fine-tuning the tree method |
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Trees for PLE |
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Fine-tuning the tree method for PLE |
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Predicate logic : derivations |
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The derivation system PD |
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Using derivations to establish syntactic properties of pd |
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The derivation system PD1 |
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The derivation system PDE |
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Predicate logic : metatheory |
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Semantic preliminaries for PL |
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Semantic preliminaries for PLE |
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The soundness of PD and PDE |
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The completeness of PD, PD1, and PDE |
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The soundness of the tree method |
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The completeness of the tree metho. |
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